French Margarine Duties. 89 



and the deficit, to be met by the Government, is put at 

 ^39,000 on the working expenses. 



The total receipts from the horse-breeding- establishments 

 are given as ;^i34,i53, and the expenditure as ^^3 11,576, thus 

 leaving a total deficit, to be met by the Government, of 

 ;£ 1 77,000. The Government imposes severe regulations as 

 to the employment of private stallions, which have to be 

 passed by the competent officials before use. The horse- 

 breeding establishments have no connection with the Army 

 administration, which buys its horses in the open market. 

 [Foreign Office Repoj't^ Annual Series^ No. 2042. Price 2d.] 



The French Jottrital Official has published a copy of a Law 



dated the 9th April, 1 898, raising the duties 



French qj^ m.argarine and similar substances and 

 Margarine and . n-t, ^ . 



Butter Duties, also on butter. 1 he duties on margarme 



by the maximum and minimum tariffs of 



the Law of 1892 were 8s. 2d. and 6s. id. per cwt., these are 



now raised to 14s. 3d. and los. 2d. respectively. The duty 



on butter has been increased from 5s. 4d. and 2s. 5d. to 



I2S. 3d. and 8s. 2d. per cwt. 



According to a Foreign Office Despatch, the reason for 



the change is, it appears, the high rate of duty existing in 



Germany since 1879, and also the increased duties recently 



voted in Belgium and Switzerland. It is also alleged that 



the Margarine Law of April, 1897*, imposed such hard 



conditions upon the margarine manufacturers in France that 



the cost of production has been largely increased, and the 



manufacturers placed at a great disadvantage as compared 



with their foreign rivals. 



According to the Ugeskrijt for Landmaend^ the net exports 



of butter, bacon, and eggs from Denmark 



Danish . ^ amounted in value to i^8, 500,000. 



Butter Exports , . ' 



in 1897 value 01 the gross exports was 



1 0,400,000, of which 1 0,000,000 was 



accounted for by shipments to the United Kingdom. The 



* See Journal, Vol IV., p. 85. 



