374 



Adulteration of Butter and Milk. 



be found to be deficient in fat. The natural yield of the cow 

 can thus be made to appear much poorer than it in fact is. 

 It is stated in the report that in some experiments made 

 on behalf of the Corporation of Oldham it was found 

 that the difference in the amount of fat caused by keeping- 

 what is known as the " afterings " apart from the "fore" 

 milk was sometimes as much as 12 per cent. 



Legal proceedings were taken against the vendors of 1,193 

 samples of milk out of 1,967 samples condemned by the 

 analysts, and in 981 cases penalties were imposed, amounting 

 to ;^i,6ii I2S. iid. There were sixty-three fines of £^ each, 

 five between £^ and £10, nineteen of ;^io, one of £1^^ and 

 two of ^20. The remaining 891 fines included 132 of 5s. and 

 under, twenty-two being of i s., and one of 6d. 



The following statement shows the number of samples of 

 butter and milk examined, and the number found adulterated, 

 under the provisions of the Sale and Food and Drugs Act, 

 during the past ten years : — 





Butter. 



Milk. 



Years. 



Samples 

 Examined. 



Samples 

 Adul- 

 terated. 



Percentage 

 of Samples 

 Adul- 

 terated. 



Samples 

 Examined. 



Samples 

 Adul- 

 terated. 



Percentage 

 of Samples 

 Adul- 

 terated. 



1888 - 



1889 - 



1890 - 



1891 - 



1892 - 



1893 - 



1894 - 



1895 - 



1896 - 



1897 - 



No. 



3,499 

 2,679 



2,743 

 3,558 

 4,743 

 5,784 

 6,419 

 7,186 

 8,256 

 8,164 



No. 



363 

 345 

 316 



551 

 725 

 794 

 667 

 590 

 725 

 841 



Per cent. 



10- 4 

 12-9 



11- 5 

 15-5 

 15-3 

 137 

 10-4 



8-2 

 8-8 

 IO-3 



No. 



10,859 

 11,610 

 11,967 

 12,151 

 13,633 

 15,543 

 16,305 



18,307 

 18,795 

 18,896 



No. 



1,292 

 1,534 

 1,530 

 1,633 

 1,818 

 2,310 

 1,868 

 2,030 

 2,091 

 1,967 



Per cent. 



11- 9 

 13-2 



12- 8 



13- 4 



13- 3 



14- 9 



II-5 

 ii-i 

 II -I 

 10-4 



Irish Migratory Labourers. 



The numbers of Irish migratory labourers who left the 

 Province of Connaught for harvest work in England in 1897 



