VALUE IN THE BRITISH ISLANDS OF INTRODUCED CONIFERS. 91 



in, the Pines being dug up in the woods and the Cypress raised 

 from seed. The trees nearest the bay were planted several times 

 before success was attained, but with the low shelter of a bush- 

 fence, made of the branches of Lupines — Lupinus arbor eus 

 and L. littoralis, both admirably suited for the purpose — the 

 trees ultimately got a start, and the whole dunes are now covered 

 with a forest of healthy trees, which have proved an effectual 

 wind-break. At ten years old from the seed, the average height 

 of the Cypress is about 10 feet." The excellent qualities of 

 the Monterey Cypress as a maritime tree have already been 

 proved in Britain. In the storm-swept district of Connemara, 

 in the west of Ireland, it is reported by Mr. Farmer, Kyle- 

 more, Galway, as follows : By far the best of all the species 

 of Conifers growing here for withstanding the salt breeze (from 

 the Atlantic) are Pinus insignis and Cupressus macrocarpa, 

 which seem to grow with increased vigour under its influence, 

 and have far outstripped all other Conifers in their growth." 

 From the Island of Mull and from the Orkneys come the same 

 report as to its high merits as a seaside tree, and where it is 

 found to thrive so vigorously under such conditions it will prove 

 a valuable Conifer to plant. The tallest tree recorded in Britain is 

 on Fota Island, and is 76 ft. high. At Castlewellan it is 70 ft. 

 high ; at Coollattin, 64 ft. high and 9 ft. 3 in. in girth ; and at 

 Powersconrt, 63 ft. high and 7 ft. 6 in. in girth, all showing its 

 adaptability for the soil and climate of many parts of Ireland. 

 The tallest tree recorded in England is at Linton Park, 61 ft. 

 high and 8 ft. in girth ; and in Scotland, on the Island of Bute, 

 67 ft. high and 5 ft. 8J in. in girth. 



Cupressus nootkateitsis, or, as it is perhaps still better known, 

 Thuyopsis borealis, is one of the very hardiest and most beautiful 

 of all the Cypress tribe, and appears to thrive everywhere in the 

 British Isles. It was discovered by Menzies at Nootka Sound, 

 Vancouver's Island, in 1794, but did not reach this country till 

 about forty years ago. Since then, however, it has made rapid 

 progress in popular favour as a handsome ornamental tree which 

 will thrive in almost any place and soil not too hot and dry. As 

 a timber tree its branchy habit is somewhat against it, but 

 when care is taken to plant the trees close, and to see that a 

 leader gets a start, it, like most other Conifers of the same habit, 

 quickly forms a clean straight stem, of which the timber is of 



