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JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



spec, Vahl, Symb. Bot. ii. p. 96, t. 48 ; Desf. Fl Atl. 2, p. 353, t. 252 ; 

 Frenela sp., Mirbel in Mem. du Mus. vol. xiii. p. 74 ; J. E. Nelson, 

 Pinac. 68 ; Pari, in D. C. Prodr. xvi. 2, 452 ; Carr. Traite Gen. des 

 Conif. 1867, p. 63 ; Beissner, Nadelholzk. 7. 



Flowers monoecious (or male and female on the same plant), but 

 separate and terminal ; the male catkins globular or semi- cylindrical ; 

 female on side branches, solitary. 



Cones globular or somewhat four-sided, and composed of four- 

 valved woody scales, the alternate pair much the smaller ; valves or 

 scales in opposite pairs, regularly truncated on the top, and four in 

 number. 



Seeds one or two at the base of each scale or valve, the larger pair 

 of scales having two seeds each, the smaller pair but one under each ; 

 seeds winged on each side, slightly compressed, and somewhat three- 

 edged. 



Cotyledons from three to six, but mostly in fours ; sometimes two. 

 The young root grows above ground. 



Leaves very small, trapeziform (epigeal), in decussate opposite pairs, 

 close together at the base of the joints. 



Name derived from hallos^ beauty, from the elegant and regular 

 appearance of the jointed branchlets. 



The African species — the only one about which most botanists 

 agree that it is a real Callitris — is not hardy in Northern Europe. 

 It has sometimes been cultivated out of doors near the Channel, but 

 attains its best development near the Mediterranean Sea. The 

 Australian species are by many authors deemed to be Frenelas, and in 

 Europe are seldom found ontside greenhouses. 



(i) C. quadrivalvis, Yentenat. Nov. Gen. Decad. 10; Rich. 

 Conif. 46, t. 8, f. 1 ; Loud. Encycl. of Trees, 1072, f. 1995 ; Spach, 

 Hist. Yeg. Phan. xi. 344 ; Endl. Syn. Conif. 41 ; Lindl. et Gord. 

 Journ. Hort. Soc. v. 204 ; Knight, Syn. Conif. 14 ; Carr. Man. des 

 PI. iv. 320 ; Carr. Tr. Gen. Conif. ed. 1, 81 ; ed. 2, 1867, p. 87 ; Gord. 

 Pinet. 38 (excl. Thuya insequalis). Juniperus Sandaracca, Linn, 

 Cupressus fructu quadrivalvi, foliis Equisetis, ad instar articulatis, 

 Shaw, Afr. No. 79 (cum ic.). Thuya articidata, Yahl. Symb. ii. 96, 

 t. 48 ; Desf. Flor. Atl. ii. 353, t. 252 ; Hist. Arbr. ii. 576 ; Loisel. 

 Nouv. Duham. iii. 15, t. 5. Frenela Fontanesii, Mirb. Mem. Mus. 

 xiii. 74. Cupressus articidata, Forb. Pinet. Wob. 191. 



iJabi^a^.— Different parts of northern Africa ; hills and mountains 

 of the Barbary States. Wintered in Denmark in a frame or greenhouse. 



The trees of G. quadrivalvis, seen by Desfontaines in Algiers, were 

 only from 15 feet to 20 feet high, but Broussonet states that he had 

 seen larger ones in the kingdom of Morocco. 



In the empire of Morocco, according to Broussonet, this tree 

 produces the gum sandarach of commerce. This substance is in tears, 

 clear, shining, diaphanous, of a whitish yellow, and free from impurities. 



