316 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The Irish Yew has, in some Danish gardens, attained the height of 

 about 20 feet. 



A very distmct variety, readily distinguished from the species by 

 its upright mode of growth and deep green leaves, which are not di- 

 stichously arranged like those of the common Yew, but are scattered 

 around the branchlets. It is the Irish Yew of gardens. 



T. b. fructo luteo. This variety appears to have been first dis- 

 covered by Mr. Whitlaw of Dublin, about 1817, or before, growing on 

 the demesne of the Bishop of Kildare, near Glasnevin ; but it appears 

 to have been neglected till 1833, when Miss Blackwood discovered a 

 tree of it in Clontarf churchyard, near Dublin. Mr. Mackay, on 

 looking for this tree in 1837, found no tree in the churchyard, but 

 several in the grounds of Clontarf Castle, and one (a large one) with 

 its branches overhanging the churchyard wall. The tree does not 

 differ, either in its shape or foliage, from the common Yew ; but, when 

 covered with its berries, it forms a very beautiful object, especially 

 when contrasted with Yew trees covered with berries of the usual 

 coral red colour. 



T. canadensis, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 856. T. baccata minor, Mch. 

 Fl. Amer. ii. 245. T. baccata, Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. ii. 167. T. 

 procumbens, Lodd. Cat. 1836, 67. 



Habitat. — Parts of Eastern Canada (to 54° N.) and the North- 

 eastern States, especially on the Alleghanies to Virginia. 



Introduced into Europe about 1800. It has for the last twenty 

 years done well at Christiania. 



17. CEPHALOTAXUS.— Sieb. and Zucc. in EndL Gen. PI. 

 suppl. ii. 27 ; Endl. Conif . 237 ; Carr. Conif. 507 ; Gord. Pinet. 44 ; 

 Henk. and Hochst. Nadelh. 361 ; Nelson Pin. 166. Taxi sp. Thunb. 

 Fl. Jap. 275 ; Pari, in D. C. Prodr. xvi. 2, 502 ; Forb. Pinet. 

 Wob. t. 66 (Taxus) ; Bot. Mag. t. 4499 ; Sieb. and Zucc. in Endl. 

 Gen. PI. suppl. ii. and Syn. Conif. 237 ; Carr. Conif. 715 ; Gord. Pinet. 

 44 ; C. Koch, Dendr. ii. 102 ; Henk. and Hochst. Syn. der. Nadelh. 

 361 ; Eichl. in Engl, and Prantl. Natlirlich. Pflf. ii. 109 ; Beissner, 

 Nadelholzk. 178. 



Flowers dioecious, pedunculate, and in globular heads. 



Fruit drupaceous, or, like the common plum, fleshy outside, and 

 two or three in a head. 



Seeds solitary, nut-like, with a bony or woody shell, and enclosed in 

 the fleshy cup ; about the size of a damson, and ripening the second year. 



Leaves one-nerved, linear, alternate, and in two rows. 



Cotyledons two, short. 



Name derived from kepliale, a head, and taxis, arrangement, 

 flowers and fruit growing in close globular heads. 

 All evergreen shrubs ; found in China and Japan. 

 C. drupacea, Sieb. and Zucc. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. ii. 108, 



