848 JOURNAL OF THE RO^AL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



an agreeable taste, and is contained in a thin white shell, surmounted 

 by a membrane ; in every other species of American Pine the shell is 

 black. 



"The wood of this tree contains but little sap ; trees 15 inches in 

 diameter three feet from the ground frequently have 10 inches of heart. 

 Many stalks of this size are felled for commerce, and none are received 

 for exportation of which the heart is not 10 inches in diameter when 

 squared. The concentric circles in a trunk fully developed are close 

 and at equal distances, and the resinous matter, which is abundant, is 

 more uniformly distributed than in the other species ; hence the wood is 

 stronger, more compact, and more durable ; it is, besides, fine-grained 

 and suscef)tible of a bright polish. These advantages make it prefer- 

 able to every other Pine ; but its quality is modilied by the nature of 

 the soil in which it grows. In the vicinity of the sea, where only a thin 

 layer of mould reposes upon the sand, it is more resinous than where 

 the mould is five or six inches thick. The stalks that grow upon the 

 first-mentioned soil are called Pitch Pine, and the others Yellow Pine, 

 as if they were distinct species. This wood subserves a great variety 

 of uses in the Carolinas, Georgia, and the Floridas : four-fifths of the 

 houses are built of it, except the roofs, which are covered with shingles 

 of the Cypress ; but in the country the roofs are also of Pine, and are 

 renewed after fifteen or eighteen years. In naval architecture this is 

 the most esteemed of the Pines ; in the Southern States, the keel, 

 the beams, the side planks, and the pins by which they are attached 

 to the ribs, are of this tree. For the deck it is preferred to the true 

 Yellow Pine. In certain soils this wood contracts a reddish hue, and it 

 is for that reason known in the dockyards of the ISTorthern States by the 

 name of Ped Pine. The resinous product of the Pine is of six sorts, 

 namely, turpentine, scrapings, spirit of turpentine, resin, tar, and 

 pitch. The last two are delivered in their natural state, the others are 

 modified by the action of fire in certain modes of preparation. More 

 particularly, turpentine is the sap of the tree, obtained by making 

 incisions in its trunk. It begins to distil about the middle of March, 

 when the circulation commences, and flows with increasing abundance 

 as the weather becomes warmer, so that July and August are the 

 most productive months." 



Wintered in a frame in Denmark. We tried to winter one plant 

 out of doors, a little covered. Cones in my collection measure 7 inches 

 in length. 



P. Ayacaliuite, Ehrenb. 



Habitat. — It is a native of the mountains of Korthern Mexico, in 

 the provinces of Chiapa and Oaxaca, where it occurs at elevations of 

 between 7,000 and 11,000 feet ; it is also found on the higher peaks 

 of mountains about Cosiquiriachi, in Northern Mexico. Introduced 

 by Hartweg in 1840 for the Poyal Horticultural Society. 



A large tree, growing 100 feet high and 3 or 4 feet in diameter, with 



