PINETUM DANICUIrl. 



487 



Most of the Japanese do not even know tlie name. Dr. Mayr further 

 says that he has not found trees more than 120 feet high. 

 It is hardy in Denmark. 



Introduced in 1861 by Mr. J. G. Yeitch (A. Murray, Pines and 

 Firs of Japan, 80 ; Sieb. and Zucc. Fl. Jap. 21). 



P. pungens, Engelm. Watson in Fl. CaHf. ii. 122 ; Carr. Observ. 

 ad P. sitchensis ; Sargent, Woods of the United States, l^o. 385, 

 P. Parryana, 'BsiYTon. P, commutata, Abies pungens, 'EngBlm, A, 

 Parryana, hort. 



The White Spruce and Bhie Spruce of North America. 



Habitat. — Valley of the Wind River, south through the mountain 

 ranges of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah. 



A tree 120-160 feet in height, with a trunk 2-3 feet in diameter ; 

 borders of streams, in damp or wet soil, generally between 6,000 and 

 9,000 feet elevation, never forming forests or reaching as high eleva- 

 tions as the allied P. Engelmannii ; rare and local. 



Hardy. 



P. rubra, Link in Linnsea, sv. 521. Pinus rubra^ Lamb. Pinet. 

 ed. 2, 43, t. 28, and ed. 3, 66, t. 38. P. americana rubra, Wangenh. 

 Beitr. 75, t. 16, f. 80. P. americana, Gaertn. de Fruct. et Sem. ii, 

 60, t. 91. Abies rubra, Poir. Diet. vi. 520. A. americana rubra^ 

 hort. A. arctica, Cunn. ex Gord. Pinet. 11. 



Habitat. — JSTorth-eastern North America, in Nova Scotia and New- 

 foundland, and in the extreme northern parts of the same continent, 

 around Hudson's Bay as far as the arctic regions, where it only forms 

 shrubs, the last vestige of arborescent vegetation. Its timber is said 

 to be excellent. 



It is frequently confounded with Piced excelsa, and is certainly 

 not easily distinguished from it, except when producing cones, when 

 its characteristic marks are very conspicuous, the cones of the Norway 

 Spruce being six times the size of those of the American one. I find 

 it is a mistake for some botanists to regard it as Picea nigra, or a form 

 of this species, from which it is very different. 



A tall tree, varying in stature according to soil and situation. In , 

 deep loamy soil, and in a favourable situation, it grows 70 or 80 feet 

 high, while in the cold arctic regions it becomes a small bush. 



Hardy. Has frequently produced cones in Denmark. 



P. r. cserulea. Loud. Abies csendea, Lodd. A. rubra violacea, 

 Loud. Pinus rubra violacea, Endl. Picea cserulea, Link. 



This is a more slender and dwarfer variety, growing only 6 or 8 

 feet high, with bluish-grey foliage and violet-coloured cones. 



P. Schrenkiana, Fisch. and Mey. Plant. Schrenk. ii. 12. 

 Pinus Schrenkiana, Ant. Conif. 97. Abies Schrenkiana, Lindl. and 

 Gord. Journ. Hort. Soc. v. 212. Pinus obovata /3 Schrenkiana, Pari, 

 in DO. Prodr. xvi. 2, 415. Picea obovata Schrenkiana, Carr. Conif. 

 ed, 2, 386. P. obovata ^ Schrenkiana, foL lo7igioribus, Masters, Conif, 



