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JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



tains to Northern Oregon (Collier) ; through the Blue Mountains of 

 Oregon and the ranges of Idaho/, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and 

 Colorado. On the borders of tree vegetation it only forms a shrub. 



A tree 80-130 feet in height, with a trunk rarely exceeding 2 feet 

 in diameter ; mountain slopes and caiions between 4,000 (British 

 Columbia) and 12,000 (Colorado) feet elevation ; generally scattered 

 and rarely forming the prevailing forest growth. 



A. umbilicata, new spec. A. umhellata, Mayr, Monogr. Abiet. 

 Jap. 1890, 34. 



Habitat. — Found only in few places in Japan ; the greater number 

 on the top of the Mitsumine-san, in Chichibu-gori (Musashi), where 

 also A. liomolepis grows in the Beech region, and towards the top of 

 the mountain, especially on the north side, in mixed forests, often 

 excluding deciduous trees. A. umbilicata attains the same height as 

 A. liomolepis, together with which it grows on the above-mentioned 

 hills, in the province of Musashi, as far as Shinano, leading to 

 lumonjitoge, and is supposed not to be rare on the neighbouring 

 mountains of Hida and Kai. In Dr. H. Mayr's book it is erroneously 

 called A. nmbellata. 



One young tree only has been p''anted in Denmark, 1891. 

 A. Webbiana, liindl. in Penny Cyclop, n. 7. Pinus Webbiana, 

 Wall. Mss. P. spedabilis, Lamb. Pin. ed. 2, i. 54, t, 34. P. tindoria. 

 Wall. Cat. Ficea Webbiana, Loud. Arb. iv. 2344, f. 2251-53. 

 Abies spectabilis, Spach, Hist. Ye'g. Phan, xi, 422. A. densa, GriiF. 

 Mss. A. chilroi'jensis, hort. Pinus striata, Hamilt. Mss. 



Habitat. — According to Dr. Brandis, in " Forest Flora," p. 528, it 

 is found in North Afghanistan, between 8,500 and 10,000 feet 

 elevation ; in the forests of the Kuram and Hariab districts ; in the 

 Himalayas, from the Indus to Bhotan, forming extensive forests — 

 in the North- vv^est without other trees, or in association with the Acer 

 or other leaf-trees, in high regions together with Betula Bhajpattra, 

 often with Picea Morinda and Picea excelsa, and in the Punjab, varying 

 from 6,000 to 12,000 feet. On the Khoor its lowest border-line is 

 10,000 feet. In Jaunsar, Gurhwal, and Kamaon it ranges from 

 9,000 to 14,000 feet. On the inland mountains of Sikkimand Bhotan 

 Abies Webbiana forms — together with Tsuga Brunoniana and Taxus, 

 Oaks, large Rhododendrons, and small Bamboos — the upper border- 

 line of the Conifer forests, between 10,000 and 14,000 feet. 



This is a handsome-growing tree, frequently attaining the height of 

 from 80 to 90 feet, and producing long, aspiring branches, approximating 

 to A. pedinata ; but it is readily distinguished from that species by 

 its much broader and longer leaves, even in a young state. It was 

 first discovered by Captain W. S. Webb, who gave the following- 

 description of the species to Dr. Wallich : " This purple-coned Pine is 

 called Oumar ; it attains a height of 80 or 90 feet, with a diameter of 

 the stem near the ground of from 3 to 4 feet. The cones are produced 



