204 Agricultural Education in France. 



of Horticulture at Versailles is still carried on on the lines in- 

 dicated in Mr. Jenkins's report of 1882; and so, it would seem 

 are the three national veterinary schools and the forestry 

 school at Nancy, although they are only incidentally men- 

 tioned by Mr. Austin Lee. The National Dairy School at 

 Mamirolle was not in existence in 1882, but has been men- 

 tioned by all those who have reported on the matter since 

 then. Mention may also be made of the national school 

 for shepherds at Rambouillet, although Mr. Austin Lee is 

 inclined to classify this as a farm school, and probably (as he 

 does not specify them) this is also the case with some of the 

 local dairy schools mentioned in earlier reports. Institutions 

 which have been established since the report of 1891 are 

 a school of agricultural industries at Douai ; a school of horse 

 breeding at Le Piu, merely mentioned by M. Tisserand in 

 1 S94 without any particulars being given ; and a colonial 

 agricultural school at Tunis, opened in 1898, and designed to 

 play the same part there that the national agri- 

 cultural schools do in the mother country. The school 

 at Douai was opened in 1893, and is designed to act as a 

 technical school for instruction in matters relating to brew- 

 ing, distilling, sugar manufacture, and also cheese- 

 making. Its object is to train pupils as managers, and also 

 to produce a class of educated foremen, capable of directing 

 workmen and of executing the orders of chemists and 

 engineers in an intelligent spirit. 



The above regional and special schools may be taken to 

 represent secondary agricultural education. 



The highest stage of theoretical and scientific agricultural 

 education in France is reached at the Institut National 

 Agronomique, in Paris. The main object of the manage- 

 ment seems to be that students should have the chance, on 

 coming there, of giving their undivided attention for a few 

 years to scientific study only, without the distractions of 

 practical work, although this latter is by no means lost sight 

 of, as students, on leaving, are required to spend at least two 

 years at a well-organised farm. 



The expenditure on agricultural education in France 



