fifi EXnKOLOOT OF TflS I.VBO-PACIFIC ISLA'fD*.' 



It is found ia some Ultraindian and many Asonesiaii langimges 

 ns a definitlYe, deoionstrative and unit. The South Bravirian on, 

 1, appears to be one of the two principal definitives, deinonstiit- 

 tiYeSf and 3rd pronouns of the formation. 



The second, and in South Dravirian— aa in Sifan, Gangetico- 

 Ultraindian and A astral i an—more pre valent, 3rd pronoun &c,, the 

 labial, is also uaed in S. Dravirian as the unit. It is a common 

 definitive postfiit, as well as 3rd prcnoun. In the exceptional 

 vo-dda Toda, vo-ha-fi T*.'lugH, 1, vo is evidently the root and 

 ka and H pofgessive postfixee. The antiquity of the term is prov- 

 ed by its having kept its place in 10 and the higher numbers. 

 The Tylugu gultiira!, aa we have seen, is preserved in the Ancient 

 Tamil 10, b&'hu-du (in 9 and 50), pu-ku-du (in 10, 20 &c). In 10, 

 20 kc the labial root takes the forms ba, pa, va, in Mai. j ba, pa, 

 vn, and mi in Tclugn ; bha, ha, and va, in Karnataka ; and bo, po, 

 vo, po in Toda. In the Malayalam, Teluga and KarnatakaO, 

 on, 1, becomes om, which aeaimilates it to vo, but the assiiniiation 

 appeat-i to be phonetic merely. In the term for 100 Telugu 

 preserves the labial, va-nda. With reference to the variation of 

 the vowel from a to o, it may be remarked that in the 3rd pro- 

 noun the sioathern languages have va, av, am, &c, while Gond 

 has wu-f', and tliat o, u, are found in Ncwar wo, and Abor bu. 

 On the other hand Gyarung» Dhimal, Garo and Tung-lhu have 



and Bophla ma, while Takpa has pe and Bodo bL In 

 Dravirian the poslfixed labial definitive has various forms, bu, bo, 

 Im, va, vo, vu, pa, po, pu, ma, mo, mu, um, am, &c., the vowel 

 having little etabilily. 



The other 3rd pronoun of theDravirianformalion, — as-an Uraon, 

 alb Male, (asa-frar in ph, ahi-A*" in po?is., ih " this," ah " that*'), 

 it, id, atli, athu fee. S. Dmvirian, — (loos not occur as the unit in 

 any of the Dravirian or Kol numemls, but the Brahui as-ii has 

 it. That as is the root and that it is Di>avirian app^r^ not only 

 from the poalfix, but from 2 and 3 ako being Dravirian (ira 

 nm-s-rt). The absence of the sibilant as a Draviro- Australian 

 unit is one of the most striking peculiarities of the system. 



Ra, e-ra, yer, i-rn, ir, re, en &c. 2, is one of the variations of the 

 common def. rfa, fe, na, kc, of which w, na, has fironominally been 

 restricted to the masculine* gender, and /, to Ihe feminine. Ma 



