KTHKOLOOr O? TtlS iNDU'FAOtriC IBLANDI. 



75 



liBK Is ?ana.bie iit higher numbere to le, ne kc, but it k ?ery rare 

 and may be from the labial, ba, bul, bar, ban &cc. The Australian 

 ko\f ku\ and Kul gel, gil, gul is a uuit and 3i'd proijoiiu in N. 

 E. Aesian iartguages, and it is also found in the S em itico- African 

 numeral ayetema. 



The Dmviro-Auslrulian contracted root for 2 (ir, ar, ra &cq.) 

 la Cbini^&e, Jajiauetje, Ugr ian, Cuut^asian, Indo-European (in 4), 

 and Semitico- African. Ttte combination with the labial as the 

 tidtial elenient occurs in Namullo (mat), and it common in 

 Africai wbiuli it aj>|jcan» to have bulon^ed to a predominant 

 S^Jiuitico-Libyan numerul ey:»tem, of which iho Semitic, in ita 

 present condition, may be cojisidered m a remnant. Semitic in ita 

 existing form had the i^ibilant and not tbe labiai initial (alh-in, ai-!, 

 ta-r £cc.)f in this reaembliii*^ Mong:oiian, Tungnsian, Samoiedu 

 and Caucasian terms (si-ri, ds-ur, Ico-ir &c.). But in 4 it appears 

 to preserve a coatincted form of a common African term (ba-r^ 

 ina-1, ba-iii, bi-iii, bi-ri, vi-di, fu-la), identical with the Kol* 

 Aastralian. In the occurrcQCC of the labial both in 1 and 2, as 

 well aa in its form, the archaic Draviro-Austj-alian system ia 

 cognate with the archaic Semitico-Ltbyan. In tbe genc'jral dual 

 and plural force of ibe second clement, ir^ 1, r ho, they alao resem- 

 ble each other and Scythic. In all the formations thid generic 

 application appears to have arisen from the use of the particle as 

 H numeral. 



The Braviro-Australian 3 is peculiar, The labial does not 

 appear to occur a:^ a root for 3 in a(iy of the Aso- European or 

 African systemSi save in the Turkish wise and Japanese mi 

 (whence lou 6, i. e. 'd dual). lu the other systems the sibilant 

 unit hiis as much currency in 3 as in 1. In its double form, or 

 with the second element as a liquid, it h common to N. aad E. 

 Asian, Indo-Etiropeau and Semilico-African systems. In this 

 numeral Draviro-Australian shows its primitive and persistent 

 character more even than iji its 1 and 2. 



TheS. Dravirian rtiot fur 4 is Ugrian and Semitico-African, and 

 tbe reduplicated form is found in both of these provinces. In 

 the tsTgiian it may be referred to the Cbioo-Tibetan ir, il, H, m 

 ny'i kc.f as an archaic Asiatic definitive for Qf preserved in iho 

 Draviriau 2^ 4i and big!)er numbers. In ihe Semitico- African, 



