ETHKOLOGl OF THE IftDO-PAClFIC ISLANDS. 



137 



from which the bufiUlo wss first iinpoited by a ciTiiised inaular 

 nation. 



The term is a common Scythico-Indian and luUo- European 

 One for " cow " goru Hind,, wkur, hokovj kuknt Tungugian, 

 karo-wa, koro-wa, kar-we, kra-wa Soldvonic, kur Icelandic. In 

 the other Bcythic languages it is generally combbeil with the 

 sibilant root, sa-gar, is-kal, ush-kal, ay-gir &c. Ugrian. 



It has a wide currency as applied to **' horse*', ** dog", ** cat." 



2. QruTnai \mvmi Tarn., eruffwi Mai., enumii Tela^. erme 

 Ttiluv, yerinet emms Kara, ira, ir,Toda [<* cow", — uri Mandala, 

 uJu LTraon, of Male f bullock :"—'yerum Tam. yeltu Kam,, 

 yeka Tod.] As applied to the buffalo it has no foreign affinities. 

 But it is a Scythico- Caucasian, Iranian, Semitic and Afiican i oot 

 for cow." [See Cow 6.] 



3. man^Aa Uraon, man^e Male. This term is of Tibeto-Ul- 

 traiudian derivation, man "cow" Naga (root ma, ba, pa, &c). 

 [See Cow 1]. In the UlLraindian languages the root is also 

 applied to the buffalo. 



4. bhitkil Mandala, budkil Gond (Gawil,) bode "a female 

 bti^Talo", Gond * Saonie Chapara Bhit is a North Gangetic 

 form of an Ugro-Dravirian term for " Cow" [See Cow l.J The 

 root is also applied to the buffalo in GaDgettco-UItraindlan Ian* 

 guages. 



cow. 



In some of Klaproth*s Middle and North Asiatic TOcabuIaries 

 this important word does not occur, and I am thus without the 

 means of -fully tracing the relation between the Braviriftn terms 

 and those of Upper Asia. 



1. The most common ultimate rool is pa, pe, which h Tibeto- 

 UUraindian, but it appears to have been acquired by the Dravi- 

 rian family with a sibilant or dental postfix, pas, has, pet, Singha- 

 lese ves. The North Gangetic and Ulti-aindian forms resomble 

 these, pit, bik, kc tejicha, Limbu, Kiranti [ga-bhi Bengali]* 

 mashu, masi, &c, Chepang, Mishmi, Bodo, Naga &e. The root 

 in this form is Scythico-Iranian, mes, mis, raus, Perm,, misye 

 Wag., mes, neng-mes Ostiak. In these Ugrian languages there 

 are distinct terms for cow " which are ako found in most of the 

 other Ugrian and in the Tartar languages. Mas &c is absent 



