STHKOLOOT OF TMl INDO-PACIFIO ULAVm, 



161 



kar contracted to ka. Kar-ba^ irwm-ba, inim-ba, inu-ma are all 

 contracted variationa, I he root for " silver** preserving the broadl 

 northern formg ba, bu, rou. The allied Hausa terin is formed in 

 preciBclj the same mode. Ka-rufa^ ka rifa iron, azef-rufa, azu- 

 rufa " silver/'* These terms are Scylhico-IraDian,; "silver'* ruga^ 

 rupia Sangkrit, Bengali, Hindi &c} " white*^ accho Sindhi, aabo 

 tTgnan, hais Saumali, bathi Gal la, ht Egyptian, eaiea, eai, s& 

 Kbomcn, howge Pelew. Fasbtu has the HauBa combination aili- 

 rcpe eilver." In Turkish it h found applied to "gold," asherafi. 

 Suaheii has a similar a form in rapia "silver." The guttural 

 root for "black" is Scythic, Iranian and African as well us 

 Dravirian, e. g. kara Turkish, kata Sansk., kain Egyptian, a|co 

 Oonga. If ibe Hausa terra be of eastern origin, the full form 

 was probably kara-rufa or kar-rufa. 



The Egyptian bt— of which the phonetic form is probably pre- 

 •erved in the Gal la hathi and the original in the Saumali haia — 

 was the term for "silver" aa weii as for "white," and the parent 

 Ugrian root for "white" is also applied to "silver", shie Wolga, 

 osvi, esys Perm, east Magyar (whence ae Karen, hen Kbyeng, 

 •on Hon). 



A common variation in the final consonant or definitive of the 

 full form of the root, sys, brings us to our own English term which 

 is an ancient Ugrian combination of the sibilant and of the almost 

 TiniverBally diffused labial root, first examined above. "Silver'' 

 is a similar compound to the Fasbtu and Hausa term; Ter is the 

 N. E. Asian, Ugrian, Caucasian, Iranian, Semitico- African and 

 Dravirian ver, her, vel, wel fccj sil is one of the forms of the 

 Ugrian sibilant term for "white," sirr, siri Samoiede, siro Japan, 

 tairan, sort»y&c.Wog.,shora Turkish, tisido Abor, sudu Singhalese, 

 •ed Hindi, The combination itself is Ugrian, serembire Samoide. 

 (srebro Sclav., silber German, zilver Dutch, silyer English, silba 

 Fin). The Japanese siro-kane has the same word for white^ 

 j^refixed to the Chinese word for silver (gan, gin kc). 



The secondary application of the sibilo-aspirate root to "iron " 



• Kodle giTCB »ai-nib fta the KandSn term for "gold" (TutkM). No other 

 exBmple occur* in hm Tocttbularics. Wola, vFuia, wula, oro, moro b a wJdeJy 

 •pT«Ad term corre^pondmg with ttie Agau ^ar. Another common terta. it dinar, 

 rAiiaria, dainaiia &c. It appears to hare been received from the Spflnlardt on the 

 J^irer Tfigcr and tbeoct ipread to Kid- Africa fllauta, B^fQuI dcc.) 



