164 



Sanskrit ceased to be spoken, it bos only very slightly uffevAad 

 their phonology and ideology; but its glossarial action has been 

 considerable. 



At a period subsequent to the advance of the Arian tribes from 

 Irania into India, anotber brancb of the same race appears to have 

 been modified both physically and in language, institalions, roli- 

 gioji and the general character of its civrlistiilonj chiefly in remote 

 ages through the inflm^nce of tlie grt-at Seujilic nations of the 

 Euphrates but also in later ages thrott^rb the eastern spread uf the 

 Arabs, This branch was ultimately d illumed over ail Irania and the 

 Turanian countries adjoining it on the north. As fur as the Indus the 

 Semitic physical type, and the Zen die or Persian liuguifstic form, 

 are strongly marked. Through the widely spoken Hindnstani 

 ttle latter has, in modern ages, j^aincd a considerable glossarial and 

 phonotic diffusion in India. In the Zend phonology the Serahtco- 

 African element is strongly marked, and this is one of its most 

 fundamental peculiarities when compared with Sanskrit. This 

 stib-tbrrnation does not appear to have influenced Dravirian. 



Th^ physical character of many of the Dravirian tribes and 

 castes, and perhaps some of the traits of the language, point to 

 a> still more archaic difTusion of the Seniitico- African element to 

 tiie eastward. The modern or western Iranian idiora has aJso 

 become that of some Scythic tribes of eastern Irania, But there 

 is strong evidence that prior to the great esistern advance of the 

 Indo-Germanic race, large portions of Irania were occupied by 

 dominant Scythic tribes. Tba Iranian languages themselves, in pho- 

 nology, ideology anil glostfwries shew, when they are compared with 

 the only other formation spoken by a kindred race, the J^emilic, that 

 the Scythic formation, or forma tiona akin to it, had been extended 

 into Irania at a period coeval with the development of the Iraniun 

 lingnistic type itself. It is possible that i^ome of the northern 

 Scythic tribes of Affghaaisfan are pre-Iranian, and there seenjs 

 no room to doubt that one of thfl southern, tbe Brahui, is a 

 genuine re[>resentative of the pre-Arian population of 8, E. Irania 

 or Belucbistan, as the Jats a[)pear to be of the lower Indus. 

 The Brabni physical t3'pe is Seythic, and tbe language has 

 some strong Dravirian alRnities in glossary although it is pro- 

 bable that the gramm;ar has become Iranised. The other voca- 



