178 



BTflNOLOuT OP TlIK tNDO-PAC!PlO J8LANM. 



indkn collocation). The poaJposing or poslfiiing of wonls used to 

 denote the other generic rtiitttioiia of eiibBtRntivea nnd assertivea is a 

 further phenomenon referable to tlie same itliam, for all formaiivea 

 whclhor u«ed with asisertives or Bubstanlives are ukimately reduci- 

 ble to (tcfinitivea ond eubatantivcf . In ihe general [>ogilion of the 

 forraativea Draviro-Anstmliao resembles Scylhic, lud^j-Eiiropean, 

 and Asdetic generally j Semitio in ita orchaic di red Ives, and 

 ZimbiaTi in iu assertive formatvveaj while it diifers fi om tbe Semi- 

 tic BBsertive forniaiiifes which are prefixuaS and infixtial or flestionul 

 and from the Zimbmn directives and definiuvcs which are preiiKunl. 

 With the Eu9karian and American systems it agrees more closily 

 than withthe Cancaao- African. Hence the forms of the Draviro- 

 Australian words, whether euhslantival or assertive, wtiether simply 

 combining a concreted definitive with the root or cSotbing it with 

 pronouns, directives or formalives, normally at^ree with the Scytbtc 

 and proto*Iranian formu more completely llian with those of any 

 other family. 



In its generally poslposiiional and iiiversive collocntion, and several 

 affinities in particles and idioms, it is Scjlhic, aUSiougli other for- 

 mations also posses* several of lliese common characters. Thus 

 the inversive tendency prevails to a liirge extent in the American 

 languages, in archaic Iranian, in Euskarinn, in Cfiucasian and in 

 various degrees in the Semltito-Libyan and more especially in some 

 of the Mid-African members of that alliance. The negative asser- 

 tive is not only Scythie but Zimbian. The dnal of the Kot and 

 Australian groups and the double form of the Isl pronoun plural 

 are very archaic aud conjmon idioms. But the general combina- 

 tion of (raits, positive and negative, is winch more akin to Scythie 

 ihaTi to any other formation. 



5. The piincipal idiomatic peculiarity when compared with 

 Scytliic, is the distinction of sex in the 3d pronoun and lo a certain 

 extent in thepostfixcd definitives of substantives, — an InUo<Euro« 

 poan and Semitieo-Libyan trait. 



6. In abstract and ffexional development it has a wide range of 

 aOinities in its Australoid stage. In its Dravirian condition it 

 takes itB place with fltc more flexional Scythie languages. It is 

 much more crude than Iranian in its historic&l development or 



