ETHNOLOGY 07 THS IKDO-PACIIIC ItLlSTJ*. 



Siti, -2. TUB r.BNBRAL CnARACTEHB OP THB ai-PAW I/AHOUAOES A!ffB 

 TFEIB H ELATION TO BtlOTIAX. 



Since this [japer was written Mr Hodgson has published a aeries 

 of vocabularies spoken by the tribes occupying the mountainous 

 ijountry between the land of the proper Tibetans or Bbot and that 

 of the proper Chinese. These vocabularies are of remarkable in- 

 terest. They prove that the Tibet o-Ultraindian formation extend?* 

 northward, fi ora iba moat northerly dialects previously included 

 in it [Siogpho, Jili] to a point in N". E. Tibet which has not yet 

 been ascertained^ but witere they nppear to be succeeded by Sok or 

 "Moijgoliiui tribes identified by Mr Hodgson as the Olet and Kal- 

 uiak of Ilemusat nnd KIrtproth. These Mongolians occupy the 

 eastern fjortion of northern Tibet, the western beinj* in like manner 

 the sinithern extremity in this quarter of the Turkish province and 

 traversed, by tribes called by the Tibetans Hor and considered by 

 Mr Hofigsan to be Turkisli. These Tatars chiefly roam on the 

 north of the Nyeuchhen-thangJa range but there are also numer- 

 ous ^oiittered Hor pa and Sokpa in southern Tibet. The new 

 Stories of Tiheto-Uitraindian vocabularies comprises, 1st the Takpa 

 (of the so-called Towang-Raj west of Kwombo), 2ud the Manyak,* 

 Gyarungt uiid Thoehu spoken by tribes which occur in this order? 

 between Yunan and Anido, the latter division of Tibet being occu- 

 pied by a Si-fan tribe who for the most part speak Bhotian. To 

 these are adiled the G-yumi, a dialect of Chinese, and the Sok/w 

 and Hoiya. The last is considered by Mr Hodgson as Turkish, 

 but it appears to be Tibeto-Uiuaindian in phonology and glossary. 

 It is a very archaic dialect of Chino-Tibetan, preserving gomr 

 evidently archaic varieties of the common root now obsolete in 

 Chinese, in its forms intermediate between Bhotian and the East 

 Tibetan dialects but lean ing more to the latter *haa the former, 

 and possessing special affinities with current Chinese and Tatar, 

 from which it may be inferred that Horpa has not only been long 

 conterminous with Scythic languages, but that it was in contact 

 with Si-fan dialects and like the southern Takpa directly acted on 

 by Chinese before the modern expansion of Bhotian to the east- 

 ward, 



* Mr Hodgson dsscritwB the physical ctiaroct^rB of a Mmyc^, a antire of 

 Rftkbo; wuth qf Tachindo: 



t Mr Ilodgaon dweribes a CJyamog firom Tftw, mik of TIbcWimIo, 



