208 ITHNOLOOT OF THE 1N1>0-PACIFIC ISLANDS. 



appears to be nn^rety a variation of A, for in the plural and dual 

 forma chn-k-lar, olii-^i, che-ws the k is absent altogether. In the 

 posseeeives tliere ia a aimilar alternation of the two forma, k^-k-chi 

 " mine*' cWi-k'Uh " oar's". These vanationa give aa chu, chi and 

 che, or gutturaltsing them and adding the current guttural form, 

 ka, ku, ki, ke, analogous to the Ultraindian series, ka, ku, ki, ti, 

 gi, geo, he, and to the Chineae ngai, ngoi, ngu, ngei. The vowel 

 of the 2nd pronoun like the let vartea from a to e in Thochu. 

 The root occura in the form li in Mulung and Tablung, and the 

 guttural forma alao take i in Tiberkhad, Milch.^ Khyeng^ Kyan 

 and Silong. Joboko Naga has ke» Some of theee forms are 

 pUiral, and probably the primary i, e, form was plural* 2nd kwa, 

 kwe, " thou" ia aimilar t.othe Bbotian khvoi^, khe (in Himalayan 

 dialecta khe, ke, ki, kha ke,) 



The first of the words given for the 3rd pronoun, kwan, appears 

 to involve the root of the 2rid pron, with final n. In fihotian as 

 in Bsveral other formations the same dofinitive is a common 

 elemeot in the 2nd and 3rd pronouns, Bhot. written 2 khyod, 3rd 

 kho spoken, 2nd khe, 3rd khu, Serpa 2nd khyo, 3rd kh wo. In 

 the last form the vowel has the amplified Thochu form of kwa, 

 kwan. Tha-cha " he" kc is composed of two vocables or forma of 

 the same root. Tim is Sokpa, Gyami and other Chinese dialecta 

 and in the slender form the Chinese. lu the forms ta, da, it is 

 also Scythic, Manyak &c, thoi Dhira,, ate he &c Naga, (thi Bar- 

 man this," also Murmi, Gurung, Bhot. demonstrative cha is 

 but another form of the same definitive). It occurs aa a variation 

 of the prefix ha, ta, in Ultraindian vocabularies. 



Thochu has three plural postfixes, which occur both separately 

 and conjoined as in some Scythic pronominal systems -ni (Sokpa, 

 Horpa -ni, Manchu -ri, Horpa ri-gi, Ostiak, Yeniselan, Yukahiri, 

 n, Ultraindo-Gangetic ni, in, li, Da, ir, n &c) ; ki, ko, ku, k; 

 and -lar. Ki, ik, is Chinese and Scythic (Chin, ki, Hungarian -ek, 

 Turkish, N, E. Asian.) It recura in Sun war -ki. In the Kasia 

 definitive ka sing., ki pi. the i by itself is plural, as in Scythic. Kol 

 )ia8 ko, Gond k, g &c. Lar ia Turkish lar, hi't Mongol nar, ner, 

 Kol nar. Kwe-ni-Ao, kwa-m-A lar "ye" are examplei of the sin- 

 gle, double and treble pluials. Lar has obviously been the lateat 

 • Bee Uic preceding rejuarks ou tJi« Bbotian 1st proa. 



