ETHlfOIOQT OF THE INDO-PACIFIC TaLA?fJ)S. '2'2\ 



Singpho it teto the form ww, (3 wwMum, 4 fmli, 5 manga, B 

 tnakat). The prefiit in the terms for 4 may be exceptional. 



la wrilten Tibetan the terms for 1; 2, 3, 4» 7, 9 ami 10 have 

 the prefixed consonante b, or d and in some caees it will be 

 found that these have been preserved in ciB-IIimalayau vocahu- 

 Jaries. 



The publication of Mr Hodgson's Si-fan vocabularies since the 

 preceding remarks were written now enables me to trace the 

 exceptional Tibeto-Ultraindian numerals to their sources in Ea§t- 

 ern TibeL 



The Tiheto-TJllraindtan numerals are fully discussed in Ap- 

 pendix C, and I shall here confine myself to some remarks on the 

 connection of the Tibeto-Chincse with the other Astatic systems 

 and on the distribution of the different varieties in the Gangetico- 

 Ultmindian province. I begin with the Tibelo-Chine&e. 



All the Tibetan numerals are Chinese with the exeepiion of 7 

 and 8, which are quinary and denary. The Bhotian 7, aa ahcve 

 remarked, is a foreign engraflment and probably not ancient, as it 

 has made less progress even amongst the Htmulayan dialects than 

 other Bhotian vocables and Bhotian varieties of Tibetan vocables. 



Theformalionof7from2(5, 2)and of 8 from 2 (4 dual, or ID— 2, 

 generally the latter) is a common archaic Aso- African idiom,— 

 N« Asian, Scythic, Zimbian &c. Hence the prevalent Tibetan 

 teirms are normal, and the Chinese exceptional, if the latter be 

 really substantive words. A comparison of the different numeral 

 elements with those of other Mid and North Asiatic systems will 

 tJirow some light on this, 



1* Chinese, chit, yit, it, i*, ih, chek, cha', ja' j (Gyami i ). 



Tibetan, /?ehik, chik Bhot., Aati Gyarung, ta^i Manyak, (chc 

 and chi in 10) ra Horpa> art Thochu. The Hok-kien chit, Tic- 

 cliieuchek, (Quang-tung yit) preserve the ancient Chinese form, of 

 which the Xwan-hwa i' is a contraction. The Tihelan and Bho- 

 tian forms have not been derived from thcKvTan-hwa but from the 

 archaic chil. The common dental and sibilant def. which passes 

 into the palatal, guttural &cj and the full Ti be to-Chinese form is 

 double as in the unit of Yeniseian, chus, khus, huch, hautu, and 

 Kamschatkan, dis, lash (also ta). The Ugrtan ik, if, yksi has the 

 k^ f, gnal element, and (he slender vowel alao connects it with the 



