EIUKOLOGT OF THE iKDO-PACmC IBLAKDS. 



yan and Ultraindo-Gangelic forms ^-ya, ^-ye, yet-sh (Iiiinbu),yob, 

 sh-yit (Burm.) n-yat Mm. &c. In all theae forms the conBtant 

 root is evidently yet &c, and yet itself is a variation of 2 (com p. in 

 Lirabu nyet 2, yet 8, Burman nhit 2, sli-yit 8; Hor[ja nge 2, 

 rhie^ 8 j Tfiocliii nga-rt 2, hk-ra-e 8), In the Abor-Miri pu-nit- 

 Aof pi-nye the 2 retains its full iiaaal furra nit, nye. In Appendices 

 A and C, I have considered tliis as 4 dual or 2d 4. From t!ic 

 analogy of llie Chinese, Scythic and Dravirian terms it might be 

 inferred that in all tbo Tibeto-UJtraindian words for 8 in which 2 is 

 the root or an element, ihe piimaiy foim was 2,10. Prof. Miiller 

 has pointed out that the Mikir nir-kep, 8, and chir-Icep, 9, are 

 formed from Iim\, 2, lehi 1, and kep 10, But the initial elements 

 &r, rh, or, re, ri in some of the preceding forms and the pre, pra, 

 pla, pi, pu&c of other Uitraindo-Gangelic languages are evidently 

 the re ManyaTc, hla Horpa, p\i Takpa (6Khi Bhot., di Gyar,) of 

 4* Similar forma are common in the Ultraindo-Gangetic vocabii- 

 lariea (App. Four), The Bliolian bv-ffy ud, Gyar. or-yel and all 

 the cognate terms are thus 4, 2, (i, c. 4 the 2jid time)* 



The Manyak z\hi appears to preserve the root for 4 only, in its 

 primary Bholian and Cbiiiese form zhi, ai. But for the analogy 

 of the other laugtiagcs and the occurrence of zyi in 40, it might be 

 explained as a native quinary term (o, 3}^ 3 being si&j while 2 is 

 nuM. 



The formation of 8 from 4 is found in Yukahiri, Japanese and 



• If the Bhofmn br Mood nlone it wonltl be conaitleretl as a mere def. prefix, 

 Buiiilar tfouiile pretixua being used wiiii some other w<trda. It is fiotictsble that 

 It ia not iliij current J^LcitiaJi k/hi ; hut that tlm numeral wna at oiie time cur- 

 rent ill Tibft as brl, Are &e is evi JtJiit from tlje TakjHV and Guruni.' /?Ji, Uado, &rs, 

 (jttro Art, Murml />li, (im 8 pre) M&gar fruli, Newarpi, Lf;\}cbii pfutVi, CUepmx 



Naga bell, pil'i, phali, Kami mnU, Kurai palvi, fjhindu puli, Swii /jri, ami llie radim 

 ilia Horiut, re Watiyjik, ie Sunwar, Ihk Linilai, Vi/ia Kukij )]ii Kliyeng^, ii^Tunglila, 

 pi Kewur, phi Ciiunjjlr^ u-pi-ko Miri. U Is probable frofn thia vvifiu iirtivftlijacK of 

 the farm in Si-lan -Ultraintlian vocabiilaricB that it \V!i3 current for 4 and euCured 

 into the com|iound for B in UieaystL'm of ane of the more ditminaiit and dispersiTe 

 8i -Imi tiibi'-j. It may have been commanieatcd by it to liliotiau, but it iaquibe poa* 

 sible that Ijoth b/.Ui and bvl foniia were cuvrent 4 ia illiotiaa diiilecta. Tim 

 form j/yud, i/yet for 2 appeara lo be also a. Bhotian dialectic; variation. Bliotian 

 lA very prone to liquid augments, and in the current 'ij/nyiii w. nyi o, tlie CLiiiese a 

 ofni becomeswi'. In llic Manyak and Gyarungf forma no, iies, tlie augment is nbsent. 

 6fyt:t in evideiitSy fiom a din lectic v aria lion of j/jjyi*, contracttid by the suppres* 

 sion of the naaiil and the conversion of the final aibilaat iiitu a denial. The tiep- 

 clia liiill form nyet, probably an Immediate derivative tioin tlie Uliotiiin dialect in 

 iiueslion, and tlie Takpayyet 8, and Gyaruu'^ or-yet 8, are also rtifeialik* to it and 

 Hot to the nalivti forma uf 2 (tiaiTakpa, ftanes (Jyar.) The spoken B bo tion jye 

 preserves the sanjc lorm eontructed. Tlje written r/yud id a secondary dialecilu 

 variation, the '.trigiuat vowel being i yrn is, nyi ns in CiiiHese. 



