23Q KTlINoLOaV of the lUiSO-PAClVlC m.AfilB. 



iome of the Ugfian and Samoiede syslems (e. g. Sarm, am-tltjt, fram 

 side, 2, and tet, 4). » 



0. Chin, kyeu, klai, kiu, kau (Gyam. chyii) ; Tib. dgn^ 

 gnh, gn Bbot.j Aiinvjfgu Gyar,^ gnU Many,, go Hor,, rgnre 

 Thocbii. 



The root is j>robahfy the unit in the giutitral form fonnd in the 

 JMid and N, Asian systems os a variation of ch, t, r&c. It occursf 

 in these systems in 9 by itself or with a root for 10 (i* e. 1,10 j or 

 1 with 10 elided). Vgymi hm ok^mys (],10), aklse (akt 1), &c, 

 Japan ko-kono^^, Komk, Yiikahfri, choiia, chonai, (Kamaeh. 

 koni 1, Naniollo kule 1). The first voweV of the Chinese is the 

 same as that of chit 1, of the pronouns and demonstratives ki, ti, 

 clii &c, and of the eognatc Ugrian unit ik, it &c. Bnt Chinese 

 has also broad forms. The dcf. ku is used aa a 3rd pron. In 

 Kwau-hwa, and under the amplified form kbui in Itwang-tung, 

 in Shanghai it is '* that'% in Kwantung under the form kot, 



10. Chin, shi', shih, ship, srp, eTmp, tap, chap, zeb, (Gyamt 

 i^h). Tib. sih Gyar., che-ehi-fei Manyak (die, 1, a Chinese 

 form, i, c. 1,1 0) ^jchn, chuh Bhot, 



The shi, si, ta, cha, chi, che, of this term is the def. used for 1. 

 The labial final may be a mere phonetic augment, but some of the 

 Uitraindo-Gangetic forms are suggestive of its being a remnant of 

 the labial unit used as 10. Kasia tld-pon, Limbu thi-bon. The 

 final labial has been lost in the Tibetan terms, bat it is found in 

 Mikir kep, Kiranli kip, and Chepang gyxb-zko. If the labial be 

 neither a mere augment nor a separate root in. Chinese, it may be 

 a remnant of the def postf. like m in sam 3, and thug be indirectly 

 connected widi the Manyuk ehi-ifi". 



The Horpa sgfL (ska in higher numbers) appears to bo a broad 

 • form of cha. The s ap])cai:« to be prefixual as in z-nc 7, (Gyar, 



M-nes) in 9 of Bodo cAkn, and Garo */*ku; and in the other 

 Uitraindo-Gangetic higher numbers which have fa-, cha-t tha-, 

 m- &c. The Garo s-kaug 10 has the Horpa form. 



The Tbochu had are u probably a corresponding form hadn 

 Vkitli the ])rcf. as] lira ted as in the Kami ^asuh, and the root with 

 the Bhottan vowel (chit, in the Changlo 1, ihu,). 



