234 



ETHNOIOOT OT THE IXBO-PICTTIC iSLlJfDS. 



4 in Thochu and Gyanmg (U, 13,57,59); Un Thocliii and 

 Maiiyak (34); 3 in 'Thochu (9, 43, 49); 1 in Gjarutig and 

 Manyak (4) ; 3 in Gyarung (18, 35, 53) ; and 2 in Manyak 

 (5, 10). 



The Chinese affinities with the Tihelan vocabularies collectively 

 are considerable. About 31 of the Chiaese vocables in the list 

 are found in one or more of tlie Tibetan vocabularies (3, 4, 5, 6, 

 10, 12, 13, 15, 10, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 33, 35, 39, 40, 

 44, 47, 52, 55). With single vocabularies the agreement is much 

 BDialler. Bhotian has about 14 Chinese words, Horpa 10, 

 Thochu 8, Gyarung 12 and Manyak 6. The extent to wiiicli the 

 Hanie Chinese vocable has been difl'used or preserved in several of 

 the Tibetan dialects may bo seen from the subjoined statement 

 which, like those that follow it, is not to be considered as 

 minutely accurate, the object and the value of coraparisons on so 

 Jimitftd a scale not rendering rigid precision worth the labour of 

 attaining it. Several of the Chinese worda are obviously of 

 modern importation, & consequence of the great political and 

 social influence the Chinese have long enjoyed in Tibet and their 

 constant intercourse with the Tibetans. The proportion of voca- 

 hhs archaically common to the two families cannot be ascertained, 

 without larger and more exact comparisons, but many of the 

 common words in the list are certainly archaic* Some are found 

 as roots with variable forms and meanings in all the S. E. Asian 

 vocabularies. 



Of the 60 words Chinese has 1 in common with Bhottan, 

 Horpa, Thochu, Gyarung and Manyak (20) j 1 with B,, G. and 

 M. (47); 1 with B., H. and G. (17); 1 with B., H. and M. 

 (4) ; 1 with B., T. and G. (13); 4 with B. and IL ("23, 25, 39, 

 40); 2 with B. and G. (37, 59); 3 with B. (6, 33, 49); 1 with 

 H., T. and (10) ; 1 with H., T. and G. (18) ; 1 with H. (o) 

 3 with T, and G. (15, 18, 55) ; 3 with T. (22. 35, 44) ; 5 with 

 G. (5, 12, 16, 26, 52); and 2 with M. (21, 55);— being 25 

 vocables in all. 



The Scythic ingredient is much larger and more important than 

 the Chinese. Bhotian has at least 29 or 30 Scythic roots in 78, 

 that ts about 40 per cent (1, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 25,— 

 two rootS; three if one common to Chinese be included— 26. 27, 



