STBNOLOGT OF THE INDO-PAOIPIO ISLAKOS.' 



n 



oivwrt SiL\ appear to lia^e beeu the first thiit were very widely dissemi- 

 nated. Thuy are the mo:Jt jirevuleijit ill the 2*vih>-MQJagB«v sitiil ISig^nua 

 j>iovinef.-<, and in the N. \\. diviifiua of the Zimbian. iTie liroad form 

 WHS jmjhaUly receiv^'d fixjin the Semitic prpvhice before it was* rephiced 

 there bv the pre^seut Semitic term. The slender Taiiety bi-ri was proljably 

 difiuaed at a later ])vnud by an influential Zinibian dialect, it is the 

 most prevalent in the east and muth. divisions of Zunbian, But tJie Dan- 

 kali, J^aumali, Dalla and Kuldain forms appwtr to shyw that it did Dot 

 orififiuale in the purely Zimbian province. In the west the later tbrtiis, 

 and contnuitiona of them, havc^ spread northward, diypladng- the older 

 varieties in most of the Nigerian g-roupa. 



'2d. The 'Instorical BemitJc termj* are evidently comparatively recent ia 

 Africa and have made httle- jprogre^. The AD^sumiaii^ Kgyptiail ami 

 Berber mark the oldest difludiou of the Semitic lorma. 



Three. 



>. The African terms for 8 are remarkable for their adherence to ooa 

 ultimate root, and for thut root being the same the Semitic. 



A. ahiviuen-;, slm-nio-^, sbo-m-/, aho-mr*i, sho-m-f*, Egyptian, 

 [$ee Semitir]. I'lie Bialiari mih^ in 8 su-mhal (BemiUc^ ^g-)> preservei 

 the labia). 



B. (a) tba-Ia-th, sa-la-tha, Ba-la-sa /en., tha-la-tba-ta mtuc: 

 Arabic, sba-lo-sb /em. sbe-lo-sbah jhasa. Heb** 8i-|a-sft (30) Babylonian, 

 te*la-ta ma$c. te-la-t fefa. t liaidee, se-le-ate Tigre. 



(ii) ke-ra-d Herber, k-ra-t Shillah ka-ra-d Kandin, [See Semitic], 

 (b) h a vnriatiorv of {«), # 



(c) tha-th-i^ Mabrah^ tha-k-t< Gara^ ihi-Bh-^t, shi-flh-ftf f^a-aa 30, 

 ni-smiOO) JIarragi, ao-s-< AmUaric, to-s-A Nubian, (sa-sa 30 Gafat, 

 Btt-aso, «ha-sha rivKSomiu.) The Malirwh, Gara and IJurragi Ibrms cor- 

 resitond with 6(3 dual) not only in these languages, but iu Arabic and 

 Hebrew (which drop ilie lu, lo ol 3), The Babylonian 3 js» not ascertain- 

 ed, but in 30 it bus the Arabic form. In 00 hrm'pver a more archaio 

 form 18 preserved, au-sn [Ileb, sbish-sUi 6j, ahir^b-shini GO], or gu-si, 

 which cnrrespmid-s with tlie Audiario so-sof 3, (Harragi, Gunga ana 

 Galat 30), Bud indicates rbe tbrmer existence of a similar term in the 

 Uimyaritic provitjce. 'fhe ilefinilives and 3d prtmouus io su, so, liu, 

 ho, tu, to &c. render it probalile that this wae the ohlest form of the 

 i^emito-Libyau unit, but thobe iu a, i, e may have coexisted with it 

 from an ancient p*^rioi!. Hoih are found iu^frican terms for 3 and 

 Olher nvimeralfl. ( See S^mitiol 



The Ilimyaritic double dental or sibilant, or dental followed by the 

 l^uttuntlj it* ^iiiDilar to tin- most widely j>revalent African fermts. 



(falfti fttmihf. sn-ddeo Daniikil, y*u-d'de .Saumah, se-dde, «a-di, za-di 

 CJalla, u-ihhi Hhiho, se-ite Dullu. i^rom the GaJla and iJullu fonna and the 

 absence of the intiipd lu. lo. the-e terrafi ajipear to be- of llimyarific origin. 



Zimhitm fomilij. ta-tu Suahf^b, ?-ta-tii Ki-Kumba, ha-hii Ki-XikaJ^ i- 

 ta-tu Mnkonde, f/«-tn-tu Mndjivna, ta-tu Slasena, Hofala, Kosah, ?/trt-tha- 

 tu Zulu, tu-tii Beii^im Id, An;,'ulii, linnL'-u, Kambinda, mi~t[x Bondo, bi-ie- 

 du >Inndjiiia, ta-tic. tu-to, J^Xiliih, nda-ta Tnmali. The^e fonns are tdlied to 

 the Himyaritic tha-th. A second variety .suo^rests that both, althou*rh 

 co^^nate with the hiMtori<ral .Semitic, have "an older common source— w*- 

 ru^ru Makua, yi-ra-rn Takwani, tha-ra Maaatabiki, fri-ra*ru JJela^oa 



