£TII^OI.0ST OP TB8 IXDO WCITrC I&LAKDS. 



13 



|if:I(*hinin|; if tht Sin^pho md Lio, cnuld not bam hfen fi^rfefl by* 

 Tttiptin inhfi whirh conliineil io ibf mnuniatnaji'ltfl the preuf nt 



we<)iern Shttiins tnd eaatvrn Lhi pss. TiiietAi* or TibrtKnjr^fd Hir}«U< 

 yifiv must bar« descfn^t] into Ultriindit or Indri and arquired a puji. 

 ticti iiod aocial predominance ovar a ciBtiderible arei, 



Th0 seennr] intfT»ne« ie tbit ibf diflTufijnii of Tib^tin element! on thii 

 tide of ihe HiroiUvit han ncit b^en c»uped by » i)n((lr oinifMnent of • 

 TtUetnn trihi! coriHuod to on^ era. 't'liece Bhtvtiin irrDpiinot into the 

 iuh HimalaymN ard India wtirrK nay be rfearded a* btainricKl have prn- 

 d <e<»d a c<>rDiiAr«tttfi'1y smell lollueTicfl. Afthnojih it hai b^en e»ntiniifd 

 until lb*" pT*>itcni limp, vt f ir ahout twelve c^nioriee at teait, owioir to 

 the perfBiin(»ni tdrance of the tiijolian etbrtic fffnitiir intrt lb- euh- 

 HimalRTui, it bat foiled to iRsioQiiatB the c^mti^rminout laojrfTaur'^* of that 

 tract. Fu>m tbe Tibarkliad to tbe Abor ■ nrirly uninterruptad bind of 

 JariKOAtrea ia preservod, vbicb retain nnn-Bbntian fnrma of pronouni and 

 pnniclr»«, and iwn third** of ihfl TueahJei of which appear to be Dt»n Bhn. 

 t»an Even the moBt eaHlcrn of ibenB lannatBaa, aa the Dapbia and Abor, 

 which are aiioken by hmbly Bh(it >id tnhei, have a Tery Cf»n*iderable ba. 

 aia of n»n-HlMiiAn ir.-tiix in pbaoilogy, ^loaaary and idenlojcy. [rt tb< 

 Ganjieric plain the irfluenee of Bhotian hat been Bill] Jpet. ]t it 

 obvioa*, friim ibeie facta, that iba pure Bbotian tribee and lanj^uafrei of 

 the aub Himalayaa bare aUvaya been aeparited froiu tbaae of ihn plain 

 by a barrier of only partiaUy Bhnti«erl UnKQB^^i*- 1" Bhatan the in fl tenet 

 of the btHinrfcal Bhntian advaaee in the aouthwtrd baa been more [mw 

 erfiil and eitensive tbari tn i:}jkTmand NrpaU but the physiral and lin- 

 gitistic ch»rB<^ter of the Bodo and Diiimal shew tbai beynnd ihf< utnun* 

 tains it traa C'tmparatively feeble and sopatlicial, li> tbe btnin ofiha 

 I'avadi and the connected western territory «a far m* B^nKol and tha 

 Uay^^ibe trjl>ei of which are en<irely aeparaled from the Bhntian*! by 

 intervenintf one* and are lesa Bbotian in p**raoo and cuetoma ihnn aoma 

 cf the Hiitialayao trihea,— we find ihn* tbe Naga and Yuma vneahularifg 

 • re Lwic« as Khoiian at moat of the Nipaleae. The Miabaii, Jili, Sing. 

 phOf Niiua, Yuma and G a ro appear tn bare a direct ijloaaartral cnnDee* 

 tion with Bh'iiian — tvhntever omvy be tbe chrnnolo^ictl and ethnic rrtation 

 of the Tibetan QaoTeraent which induced it — dittinct frono that wbirh 

 Tibftiaed the m<nre western lantfuaeee. But to ai^c^rrain tbia relatiim 

 aatiafarroriiy it IS nfcea^ary to advert to ihfl non-Bhotian traita »f thn 

 >74Ba| Yuma and of tbs GangeticUDguaget, and these fViJI be diacuaaed to 

 ■ aeparaie Section. 



In the follf^wing detaifa my principal object will be toahew the extenl 

 to which Tib-tan entera aloaatrially itJto ibn lanKuaKea of Ultraindii 

 and India. In tbe cnmparanve lieia in the Appendix, cnnmpiled before 

 th" publieatiiin nf Mr. H idaaon'a Sifan vncahaUrie*, I bud indiwcri- 

 dtnately entered all worda that have Bbotian affiniltea. A ft-w art- ihtii 

 included of which tbe df rivation fioro Tibet may be doobied, Mid- 

 A^ian and other remnte ]an«aaiieR havintr forma that ire oe»r«>r tha 

 ci«t Himalayan, white o'bpra are ifitren which now appear to be tSifan and 

 cot Bhotian. fitii makinsr e*ery allowanc'» for thwe, ihia Sectiim wiih 

 the Appendi* will afford a ffeneral fiew rii the i^flner^ce which ihf Sifana 

 and Bhotiana ha*e exerted on the vocabnlartea of Ultraiodta and India 

 itom ibflfri when ibej fifit louad ibeitr waj icroaa liie snow; baitier* 



