BTBTNOLOGT OF THE I NDO -PACIFIC ISLANDS. 



1^ 



(be corrskspondencca there aoted will be found tite cantractad foriii 

 R oi tbe 1st praiK comuioa to Manyak, Aiigami Naga aud Mikir; 

 ftng, ilie Gyaruug |>asiBjcua( loria, ibuai) && a posifix in Naga and 

 ^9 a separate Ibria in Bodo, Garo and Kiranti; nge Takim and 

 Sing jo ; kA Tboctiu,* Dhinml, Lejicha, Lau (k)ia, knu^ ku)^ Touug 

 Ihoo, &o. Mast ot tlif Ultraindo-Gang-etiG torina ol" tlie '2J i>ron. are 

 Siian, uao, na Tlie Manyak variatiou of tbe vowel to o b Ibuad itt 

 Dapbia, Abor, Deoria Chutia, Anganii, Muzouie Atigamiaiid Namsafi- 

 gya. Tile other Sifan panicles are ako UaugBto-Ultraiudiau, X add 

 ft *'cvt examples. * 



The Gyarung: particles otcur in Uitramdian languagea. Ma, m fitc. ii 

 common H3 a tiwgative and uaritive ffrntHx or pr<dis ( Abor, Dtjplda, Uhi- 

 mal, Mtkir, Garo, Burmau The Khaijitl ma-, nio-, and Chinese pre- 

 posed Ml &c. h the^amij |iart||;le. I)a deiioteft thB pre5ent in Ahor as io 

 Gyarung, and a Gyaruug-like combination ot it with la, another form 

 of the same Bhotian definitive, renders it etnphaiic, tada. In another 

 form, ta, it is completive, corre^ptjiiding with the Gyarung ta, past, la 

 ^ho Oo[dilu pertect pana a combination occurs aimilar to the Gyarung, 

 jcwi by itsell being luture in Abor (in Dopbla bo). Changlo haa ~le pre- 

 sent, ~ba past (Burm. bi/i, Bodoirti), -dona luture (Burm thoj Kham- 

 ti ia-^}. Bodo lias -ilang present (used a4 a verb sub3.)» 

 imfierlectj f^n^-wtan perCeci, Mw^, ^rtn, rut. Dhiinal baa Aipast, Arhv 

 mhl, nhi present, tjaio ha:3 -na, 'tn^a present, enifa'Chun irapeit"-, 

 -a, -aa pert., -ckitn \iert det'., e^a, hhengj fut ( Bodo). Naga bag -( 

 perfect, to-prefixed, with -/ poatfixerl, as a aecond perleet (Abor, 

 Gyarufig, so i« Tibetan A-&c. pref. with -s postf"), i ia luture. Mikir 

 has 'loh pttat (Naga, Kas.), -r/e future (i Niiga), -bo, -bang empha- 

 tic fnturea (Abor, IMphbi, so feurm mi), -si participial (Gyarung). Garo 

 has preaent (Gyarung na-). Kadia has to-padt (.Mikir, Naga, 

 &c.), n-iuture. In Sjingpho -ha u past (Dhim.- hi, Bbot.-s also Aa-, A- 

 -ha-dai pyrJect, -a future ( Blxot -a). 



Takpa beinj; at present ihe only known language that appears to be 

 Conierminoua with ihe proper Tibetan diaiects on the one side and wiih 

 the Uhraindu-Qangetio on tlie other, it will be useful to advert In the 

 •ffintiiej9 of i:s pronouns and particles, I add tbtt nuinerala to give great- 

 er breadth to the com pari aon. 



As Takpa id tbe language of theTowang ra^. it maat be conterminona with 

 ■ome of the ritaleots of tbe Bor and Abor tribes • At present we ure only 

 partifllly acquainted wiib those of the aouihern Aka, Dapbla and Abor-« 

 Mifi. Thtf two first appear to be tlie Hiine and to be closely akin to th« 

 last. How far ibey are spoken to the north, end whether anx other dia. 

 leotg exiiit bi^tween them and the Takpa, \a not known. 



• Are the Tog ab or Tajj-ol", one of the Iribta of Bhutan who in. 

 habit the district of To^-na, or Tag na, Tagawa or I>uk8, not a section of 

 the Tak-jja who ha^t^en to be under the domtnion of the Deb Riijii f 

 (Ab. Rei- XV, 146, 140 Pemherton 111). Tbe Pilo of Tag na'g territory 

 t'liea beiw«^«n Biik«haand Chtrang. He hai two Dwara or pasBes, and 

 the E«!fu Jddu and two Fumai are under bis ordert. Hit territory ia 

 eight days jrjurney lonjf and four dftya from eait to itf«t. lie piyt aU 

 tnffetber Qonnally in two infltaim? nu abnut 3000 iDpeei and miei about 

 S-16ib« of tbe cotiBtry " (Ai. K. XV, 13a)- 



