JBTifXOLriGY OF THE INDO-PACmc ISLANDS. 



23 



Tli<?TO hf.vc b*>en t svi> wril ra;irk(!tl peritHlKofSifanand Bhotian infjTiencfi 

 in the south. TIk* tirnt waci when the Honthern tnigrdtions coratn«nee.l, and 

 when the Hitim ibitns of vmnmnn rot*U wviv \\rp\iAhly the sain^" tu+ fchi-i 

 Blfitiau. It w dilhciilt tlicrtjforo to jtstierlain whiit mmmoii riKitj* urthi? 

 period lire to be ctja.'^uli mi uf IShntiaii or of iSiftu orij^iii, exchisiivt^ly. 

 The prefix.i*ji affoitl same ohw. T lie .-if^ond period is a very modern oii«. 

 The Bhi'tiuii torm.'i refevidjle it iir*i in i^fiuetnl coiiAiit'd f<i the ftttiitherii 

 Bhotiiiti (Haleiti, to the adjatiout Xipil iliitlecta, iind fo Tukna. hut thf y lire 

 ai^o pEirtiiilly loutid in more southen> dialwfc^. Tli*; sprciut ofrhe later or 

 elciuler GyaiTiiiS' tVinn? to thi- .sou^^^ imiicut»vi a distinct raovement 

 £tou\ the uruh.iii' Tihetun iiud the iaod**rii Jlliotiaii mijirrufions. 



The Cluiitwe inliin<?ni:<» an the Tili«to-Lntniiudiiiri diulpctw Imis heen of the 

 hisrhe:*t ifn|H«rtiinei*j atid ver\' miaplex. Tiiei'e is a nidiral coraiounity oi' 

 T-Mts. Chinefir hits at latt'r periotU friven nunierous vt>cnblcj! to the Ti- 

 beU'.n .'oadtukries, iiml intiiiy of thf^e have l>e«n win'icd to th(* Muthwnrd. 

 Cfuiu^e liUi^ al^o diri'ctJy inflHt^ncMl jdl the southern phoTiologien and vo- 

 ettbuUu i<^ Mou-Auum, Navn-Mauipurian, Karen and Bttrin:Mi. From these, 

 »rid f'Hpecially firorn Nti|jf5i-Mariipuriaii, Chin^^n rootd und particles have 

 been carried Vfritwjird to the Nipal oudMilchanang- vocabidaries. 



The Gy:inint; elosely and iiuiuediat'ly eoune<:ied with thp latest 

 of the doninimt Xorth rhniindsan f a mi li tlie nnrmanii'. Ar! tJii-^ fa:.ii!y 

 ♦xtf-ud^ from th«' f>int^plia and Jiti in the north of the rrawnli ba>in fo 

 Buruiim in tie sontht it is probuble that it arosi^ trom an ex ten ^ion of 

 the liyarunir lo the -ioutJi, ' ut it also ap|H'ars to Imve hati a common bflsLi 

 Mi itii th*i oltler UltFiiiniiiau difile(,tt^. T*'*' Ahor ilialerta iipjiear to he partly 

 T9nil*rac<jd in this 3jiitx.-nij ilud it hiu iuflueutjed the Xipal voeabularieit. 



The >'ii^*Manipuri;m branch appi^ars to lie oldwthim t!ie Burmanio, and 

 lo b*:* jpemlly connected with G^'aruiif? in its oliler or le^ erarsculated 

 fomj. and wifh Takim. But ajs it has 'jrchaic aHinitif*rt witii Tliochu, Hur- 

 pa itnd Bliotiiui, it i^ pmbablr' that several Tibetan dialects luiv(» marched 

 With the <.lansj:«^to-l'ltnundiaa, und, duriTijj:a louf^ counie of time, succea- 

 tively or ttinndtaneou^iy disjBeminattHl their vo«ribles to the southward* 

 TlieMon-Anain nflinities (d* the Napi-Manipvirian vocabidariea greatly 

 ■trengthea the iuferetjce that their connection with Ultniiiidia k very 

 archaic. 



The Himaliiir ojlos*ary is, in j^reat raensure, primitive and honio^eiieoufi. 

 *i1ie dialer:tic raoditioationri ot'tht^ same roots* are ao vivrions* and 30 well mark- 

 etl, 33 to allow thvit the ^roup has retained its independence and riei^re^tion 

 fror i rhe very commencement of frloawarial development, and tliat distinct 

 diaiem werp formed dun iijr that ejn. So far as other vocabulariot* are 

 rsidicalJv coiniecfed witii the Himaiwic, the coune<'tion is mjunly to be 

 aH<;ribeJ to their kavin{4' been primitively braiiehpi^ of the same stem, — 

 diaiet'tH of tlje ."tjnne mtkher-ton^'ue. The [limalaio branch has remained 

 more homo^eTieous and more finthlul to the prim urj^ ph:U4? of the rom* 

 niou g^loSi<ary, betniuse the lo<sitioti of the tiibes whu have ]»reiierved it, iiaa 

 friven tbeiu 'a hi\x\i degree of exemtition trom foreif,n doraiimtion and 

 iijfiucnce. 'J'he glo.^?i;iry is lpj« mixed then that of mmt of the other Un- 

 ^uLHtie famiUea, wlale it has radi-.td affinities with all of them. The 

 (Jauca.'tian ^"oup orcnpies a similar set^uestered ponftion, and it id nidically 

 related to the 8cythir, Semitic, AlVican, IbcIo- European and l»mviro- 

 Au:*tmhan, iti the tittuie mode aa the s^txll more primitive Himiikuc is related 

 BOt oiily to it uud to these, hut to the Moji-Auum gi oup juid to thft CMiieae* 



