KTUN'OLOGY UK TUb* INUU l'AV\P\C IftLANtiS. 



In the Sin'fhic alliiincc thU root U not commtjn in the mhilant form, Kut 

 the pruttunilj which U very jjrevalent, iinji^:»rs, fVo a tfie irind.iiious in »ove- 

 Trtl (jf the ;,'T0Uji.s ^" frunenil a vanation of thp Htbilant. It h not UyTo- 

 Fi:i in the diljjUiivt. fortn. But ri;im lieJe ha^ the Tilwtan foriD, ju, dBcIia 

 iSc n, Aitio till, toi, Jajiin t^ju-trti, t4, xi, K »re;i tji-ti. Tfie JtiiViiiese and 

 KonjAH are iirrjh.ibly Civiua^e. Turkish hoA .sir, ser, zir, Wr, kim siri- 

 ksitji, Korcti chida, chli, liilyi, TiuuniHia'i turu, t ir, Ttirkisli tor-pach &c., 

 J£im'r'>liaii Ii l-* cha-d-^ar, irn-Hyi' ikj;.; V^ttiak ha--^ tnn-'*em. 



C4«e:Miji i IhH -ia.;)!, ;iBt>!]: ( J ^riii.i hili, I'iii'ie-i'* eirth) O-i^^tic; rfi-cha, 

 Tui-tzt ( l«'in) (*»;orjr, ; txn-l"i, tii-la, i;hxi-ili!i, ( Kire-i chu-lu cheb, 

 chy, wiM-Ai, w/Z-sa, Zf/-su (Fin /ii rfnt:tf>i), Ciuu:.. |ii'o|>pr. 



l^cvtiiie h^-im are f'uu ul, !W n*ual, in (aJi'j-Furd)Miaii. The pure sthiknt 

 OdTOTM in Ztiud fta, itao. Thi* dil>ilo-Iif|uiJ fiir, rfyr, tor, turn &c. is repre- 

 sented the Celtic tir, dur, duar^ Ljitin t^irm ; undl tlie labio-iiihilaul of 

 Scytbic aiii Cuucji'*iu:j by the Ai'van niii-N, m i-ti, in-i-ti *tc-. The .Scla- 

 vonic family ha.-« doni tya, sem-yti, j^Jijui kc., Zend seinu, E^anakril simii, 

 Persiau zitm-in (sym.ii-itj shiua-tu kc. Kvtundi.} 



Sfmfi. TliP .'•ihilTint root y Aha applied to **(jn^ in Chinese shi, i*hik, chh, 

 sa'; ill Srythii: — Fin t-njlii-wi, »i-wn (ki-wi), ( firrinn ia (Pmui»u»), Ja|tfin,. 

 isi> ishi {Ul t firfh), Ainn fihif)-ma, Tunynsian xa, hv-^ha, Veni^ieian ahinh, 

 MongLilitm te«:hoI*>, tscliila-choii, Turkish t-ithulj ta.-<h kc; in Iruniiwi 

 phi-la, sihi Mtniim, Htain, wr*M>n. intone tot.; in Cauni-Hian i-/^jj chu'ZQ, 

 hin-za, nhe-ru, Osmetic dor, diirr (Tuiigu^iiim tor earthL Semite- Afnaui 



Mmtnt/fin, Th^ same root apphed to Mmntahi in Fin mo-tschi, mo-u 

 ( hiU mc-tt), iiin-M-'! )\ Uffiijui, is Perm (siIao :stoiu'], t-*chui Perm {^yni, rau- 

 ayfsn i^artk); hiU Wolfra a-saoh, eeh-snit ; 8ttuioit.'4e aye, rieda, sniti \e~ 

 nisieian d^^rliii, uhai : Turkish syrr, kirr, • tu, tach, tag- k^.\ Ugriaa 

 (VVoLTu]) Ai7/ {i;d, Mon-rolisiti hiff jshili. 



!4emitii: hiw aLo the dento-Uquid of Suythic, tiru, turo, toira; serri Ham* 

 gi, tain iia1l:i. 



Armenian hi-« Kori htfL 



Pi'uni the:*e exanjple^ it appears thtit the fiihifant root is one of the 

 primary Aniatiw on^s, and that the Tibetan torin iiiMiKjiat+jri itat'lf with the 

 jjuttural Chinfciie, ^iimoiedfi, Csiuciijiiim and Zend, whi, m\ d*«:ha, (*ach, m 

 &e. ki\ and not with the liquid Scytho-inwiian, Geor|jiaaand Semitic tzmla, 

 tur, utrij aila &c. 



2. The most important root Lii thi' tiqaidt of which the more archaic 

 broiid form^, iuni^r, lonfJf. ruk kiz. are preserved in the South, — 'l^Wta hav- 

 ing" lotL-* an element in Tiiocbu «:ln>-li>'f>* stan*- only, the fonn ini^«r;A and 

 mamUaiji being' slender. If the root be nut the native liquid root for 



• The Turkij»h syrr, klrr aQ<rGreat4 a conneetion b.^tween the aihilo- 

 Hquid and the >riitturo-iiqiiid rout — the latter h.-in^ common t^a 8cythic, 

 Indo-Euro|Hfan, Caucasian, Semitic and Draviriaii. Si:;>'t.hic, — fjora Fin, 

 kur-uk, ker-Hij U^rian, kar, kono-ny Yeni*eian (which has idso kai, chai, 

 dschii); Indo-Eui-.,— frtira, koi-e, ^'ura Sclavonic, ^ror Oltie^ ^iv\ Sanakrit ; 

 Caucasian kui-.<A j Jjleiiiitic gar, gor kc.\ Pashtu gar ; I>niv. kunnu Jttt. 



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