ii44 



ETHKOLOGT OF THE IWDO-PACIFIC ISLANDS, 



tlie friiTiirn oriirin of a ftirtn that ca »t brt ^iHtlvtred fi cnn a native archulc 

 tyiw- bv the onliniiiy nlmiu'Lit; evulutinns of tlie t:imily. 



TUe most widclj |>rt;vaL»nt of tliu oUL'T »ucoiulary ibi'ins of tlic guttural 

 unit is 3-ui, a-b. Taking thu Chi lift- ilimalaic systauid iu their uxisiiiijj 

 forms, it ia cUar that tliis has Siwn tlic most proiiHf type oftliL' unit. 

 It wua the currtjut unit of lhi» when lUc prescui 3 beciuiit- ciiucriite ]* 

 li i^ prcservecj in ."ovcrui diulucts in iO, 8 ami 5 iiuj suvtral coniujoa 

 Jonus oJ'tiie ciirrent I, 8, 10 aud the unit 7 (6, 1) are rderablo lo it. 

 It thi' iiitcf^al Jbnii ut' the latest Chinese unit, bdu^ preserved iu 3 

 anti 10, iiml ill u inu litiod I'orni in I and 7. 11' any direct eonncetiua 

 lietwei;n the hiatctrii-iil Chinese Bysteni and other systenis of the Oid World 

 can be establinhedi it must be throu;>;h this fnrm. 



In 1 the heythie syslL-nis hiive eithLT thj more archaic labial unit of 

 Draviro-Australtini — preserved in Chinese in 8 and lOi)^ but ob.Huli".te 

 as a unit wlieii the sy^leui spread over the Iliiualiiic pruviace — ur otlier 

 fbruiii ot tlie /guttural, dental and sibilant. 



The innst eoai, f^t') thie S has a iiriuiary guttund form or a niCHiification 

 of it, knl, i^ur, buj, tluid &e,; tnn^, donj^ 6ic. The htbiid ;uid the liipiid 

 unit art" also ibund in thi* .'J ol'souic grcuijis, Beyond tUt; [n opt-r >5L'y* 

 thie liniitti— or in thnse of the earlit-r or |iroto-?ie^vthit' nifneuK-nrs — the 

 Chinese funn is tbund in Caucasian, sa.mi, su.nii, ju.uii &e., and also iu 

 SeuMtn-Afrleiin, but preserved in E^yptiau ouly slio.m,. sha.m &c., in 

 ■whieh it is refyrable to a native Seuiito-Africau kho.in &c. 



The Cbluese 5, an we have seen, is a remnant of 3, 2, and the term 

 when the isresi'Ut form of the system retained its full inte-rity^ was sam- 

 ngo &c. The 5 of the Mon-Auam <liah-ets retains the 3 in the tbnimsan, 

 chau;r, ram (fnr sani). Thi^ Samnide sinn, sum, sab, saba, snho &c. 6 has 

 the same form wtih th? po.-tfix -rifft/. -.iA- &c.; but from the T'ingu>ian 

 tong, sun &c. and the Alonj^ortan ta-buii, tha-ba <&e. In whieh -bitii^ -ba is 

 the coumiun labial p*j,-i«iiSHive iJOiitf-^ il is probabb- that sobo, salia &e. 

 identical with the ,\iiiny;i)lit! Ibrm and thai is radii ally so-i»), m-ha. Cati- 

 CJisiaii hivs the same form of the root i hu-Mi and in Abkhrtjj^iau the same 

 postfix chn-6rt. The s-uij .^-n form is vury eunnuon in the Afiie;ui jtio- 

 vinee, but a.- it U k-m in rfeuiitie and then* are t'xarupl**s of the piisjsvigo 

 of k- into s- forms, the hitter upiiesir to he historiejilly eonnetted, nol 

 with the seefjuilnry Cbiiiej^e I'orni, but uiih the priimiry Chiuo-Scytliio 

 l{-ni, k-ii, Tiie LJj:rhiu and Turkish families have the arehaie labial a uit 

 il ."), 



The Scythic forms of 6 appeiir to Up nil, or nparlj all, qiiiuftry (5> 1 or 1) 



uiih the Chiiio- Hiomluie. With some of the lliuialaie tt^ni^uefl^ tlie 

 Ki'initir, Atiifsiii and lijdo-Euro|a;au they linve, the older sibiianl and 

 d'*ufiil terni ol' the luut, mid not the hiter liij^utd ot Uhuicse inul tnost of 

 tiie linuaiaie fiyst^iiu^. It U not heie ijiteuded to couU»4Jt the ttiuai 

 chiiiacter of the Indo- Euniijiran and Seiniiic (5, altliou^h tlit? tact of 3 

 lieio^JT itM'lf the unit ulUrit render it unL-ei tatfi — when otlier tvidenee dueg 

 not exi.-t — whether a unit tbi m of (J be uremjoau!; of 5, 1 or of 3, 

 l:i African fij9>nis both tortus occur. 



The U^^rian and Tai kish 7 has the later form of the sibilant unit as 

 in Ciiin^-JiH, s«ite, sat kc, ikmie L-ffiian dialeetd that a(ipe.ir to hnve 

 the oilier lorm shi-tn, ta-b, iJft-b are C'>ntr.u tioiH of ?i'z,-m &e. Thi* 

 io^ ai in ui^o iiiig -K<ii'opeuu &Li-p aiid ;5tiiiiCiu~AtVK'uu oa^, auJ, iii botj^ 



