132 



Rome. He also developed malaria after two weeks, and the 

 parasites were demonstrated in his blood." 



Based upon the results of this experiment, studies of the elimi- 

 nation was undertaken from two standpoints, the first that of 

 destroying ^the organism in the human carrier by use of quinine, 

 and the second, that of destroying the insect carrier. The blame 

 for the spread of malaria in New Jersey was fixed by Dr. W. M. 

 Berkley upon the Anopheles quadrimulatus Say, but recent work 

 in New Orleans by Dr. King has seemed to demonstrate the car- 

 riage of the common New Jersey types by the commonest of our 

 anopheline species, A. punctipennis, and it therefore seems likely 

 that we may have to revise Dr. Berkley's conclusions. 



Previous to 1900 the connection between yellow fever and 

 a calopus had been suspected and publicly asserted by a 

 number of scientific men, but it remained for a commission of 

 U. S. Army doctors to put on and carry out the convincing test. 

 Again let us have the nature of this experiment and its results 

 set forth in the words of Dr. Howard : 



"An experimental sanitary station was established in the open, 

 a mile from Quemados. Two houses were built, tightly con- 

 structed, with windows and doors protected by wire screens. 

 In one of these houses soiled sheets, pillowcases and blankets 

 were used as bedding, and this bedding was brought straight 

 from the beds of patients sick with yellow fever at Havana. For 

 sixty-three days these beds were occupied by members of the 

 hospital corps for periods varying from twenty to twenty-one 

 days. At the end of this ocupation the men, who were all non- 

 immunes, were taken to quarantine for five days and then re- 

 leased. Not one of them was taken ill. All were released in 

 excellent health. This experiment is of the greatest importance, 

 as it demonstrated that the disease is not conveyed by fomites. 

 Hence, the disinfection of clothing, bedding or merchandise, 

 formerly supposed to have been contaminated by contact with 

 yellow fever patients, is unnecessary; the disinfection work, 

 which has been carried to the extreme in cases of yellow fever 

 epidemics in our Southern States, has been perfectly useless. 



"In the other house, which was known as the 'infected mosquito 



