female , uttering "Chah" Notes in flight. One of these copulation attempts 

 was apparently successful, the other obviously unsuccessful. In neither case 

 was there any other display by either "bird before, during, or immediately after 

 the attempt. The third attempt was a little more elaborate, A female landed in 



a tree, uttering tf Chah rt Notes as she did so* Then she but assumed a 



A 



Bill-up Tail-up Posture, with her breast lowered and all the plumage of the lower 

 breast and belly fluffed or ruffled* At the same time , she stretched her wings 

 out horizontally, but apparently did not quiver them. Then a male, who had been 

 perched quietly in a tree about twenty feet away, flew straight on to her back and 

 began copulatory movements immediately* The copulation was apparently successful* 

 There was no post-copulatory display, but the two birds eventually flew off 

 together uttering "Chah" Notes* 



THE BUFF-THROATED SALTATOR (S. maximus) 



Wild individuals of this species were studied in the same areas of central 

 Panama as Streaked Saltators between March, 1958, and April, 1962| and captive 

 individuals also were kept in aviaries on Barro Colorado Island* According to 

 Hellmayr (op. cit*) , these birds should have been examples of the subspecies 

 intermedius* 



Buff-throated Saltators are larger than Streaked Saltators but somewhat 

 more slender in build. They often occur along the edges of scrub and second- 

 growth forest which is somewhat taller (and presumably older) on the average 

 than the scrub preferred by Streaked Saltators} but the territories or home 

 ranges of individuals of the two species may be broadly or completely overlapping 

 in many areas. Individuals of both species sometimes occur in the same trees. 

 They may even sit or feed in the same branches but apparently never simult- 

 aneously. I have never seen (or heard) any overt , positive, reaction between 

 individuals of the two species (but this does not necessarily mean that the 



