sound very much like Medium Hoarse Notes, This would suggest that the two 

 patterns are, in fact, closely related, perhaps even strictly homologous. The 

 shorter "Chah" Ho tee sound somewhat intermediate between the other Hoarse Notes 

 and the "Short Hostile Notes" of Green-backed Sparrows and some other finches 

 and tanagers. They may be related to both. (This is not really surprising. 

 Even in the case of the Green-backed Sparrow , and in other species such as 

 the Yellow-romped Tanagerf Ramphooelus flammigerus ioteronotus * there are 

 indications that Hoarse Notes and Short Hostile Notes are 



&&&&&&& linked to one another in some way.) < It is possible that all. the 

 "Chah" Notes of Streaked Saltators, although occurring in ambivalent situations, 

 are purely hostile (as the Medium Hoarse Notes of Green-backed Sparrows seem to 

 be). The longer "Chah" Notes are not very different in sound from the Harsh 

 Hoarse Notes. Thev may be more aggressive than the shorter "Chah" Notes. (The 

 Short Hostile Notes of other species seem to be produced when the escape tendenc- 

 ies are at least slightly stronger than the attack tendencies. ) All or most 



of the "Chah" Notes may be lower intensity, produced by weaker motivation, than 



n 



the Harsh Hoarse Notes. 



Skutch (op. cit .) mentions "qua qua qua..." notes uttered by Costa Rican 

 Streaked Saltators in flight. These may be the same as, or closely related to, 

 the notes called "Chah 11 above . 



During the breeding season, isolated and apparently single birds, presumably 



unmated males or males separated from their mates*, perform Dawn Calling early 



in the morning. As in related species, the Dawn Calling takes the form of series 



of notes uttered at regular intervals. The length of the series is indeterminate, 



ranging from very brief to very long (I heard one bird utter Dawn Calling notes 



almost without interruption for over an hour) . Most of the notes in the Dawn 



Calling of Streaked Saltators are clear in tone (but not whistling) and could be 



*It is usually impossible to distinguish between male and female saltators 

 (of any species) by appearance alone in the field. 



