several individuals are more or less close together. Sometimes they are 

 accompanied by escape movements or intention movements. They may he "contact" 

 or "call" notes or (alternatively) alarm notes. (These "Tsit" Notes may he the 

 same as the 11 1 seek" notes which Eisenmann, 1954* heard uttered hy wild Streaked 

 Saltators on Barro Colorado Island.) 



The Hoarse Notes can he divided into three main types. An individual caught 



* it 

 in a trap (or held in the hand) utters long, loud, urgent-sounding "Hoarse Screams^ 



quite like those of many related ST>enies # These probably are purely hostile 



and high intensity, produced by very strong motivation. Similar but softer 



notes were uttered by the captive individual disputing with a Buff-throated 



Saltator. They were closely associated with overt attack movements, and presumably 



were aggressive and of moderate intensity. They appeared to be essentially 



it 



identical with the "Harsh Hoarse Notes of Green-backed Sparrows and Crimson-backed 

 Tanagers (Ramphocelus dimidiatus). Both these types of Hoarse Notes seem to be 

 much less common than the third type, which may (for want of a better name) be 

 called "Chah" Notes. "Chah" Notes are usually or always uttered in short series. 

 In many series, the successive notes become progressively shorter and lower in 

 pitch} but all the notes of some series are slightly longer than the corresponding 

 notes of other series. The longest "Chah" Notes may be slightly bisyllabic and 

 could be transcribed as "Cha-ah". The shortest notes end very abruptly and might 

 be transcribed as "Chak" (some are almost "Chuk"). Intermediates between the 

 longest and shortest notes are common, jue. the two extremes seem to intergrade 

 completely. "Chah" Notes of all types are uttered most frequently when one 

 individual joins another (its mate or another member of its own family group )l* 

 and when two or more individuals are moving about in more or less close proximity 

 to one another. Occasionally, they are uttered by apparently single individuals 

 landing alone. Thus, they appear to be "greeting" or "landing" patterns like the 

 "Medium Hoarse Notes" of Green-backed Sparrows. The longer "Chah" Notes also 



