344 



A NATURALIST'S WANDERINGS 



maxiUariea being flatter, in some iustanoeg than in others. It occurred 

 to me that this Tariation might be expressed by measuring the anplo for- 

 med by the nasal bones and ascending processes of the maxillaries at the 

 level immediately lieiow that of the dncryon. Tlris measurement, whidi I 

 proi>ose to call the nasi-tftaxiUary (tuffk, in different in its object from that 

 of M. de Merejkowsky, which ascertains only the projeciiou of the i:a&al 

 bones or maxiilary processes. 



Tiie outline of nose ie represented by Broca's descriptive numbers 

 1 and B. The firpt of these indicates a nose with a low bridge turned up- 

 wards at the tip ; the latter a straight nose with a higher bridge than the 

 other. We have therefore identified on the skulls the two foniis of nose 

 observed by Mr. Forbes in the living subject. As a rale the straight noJ-e 

 ia elevated at the root, and the naso-masillary angle is higiier than in the 

 hooked nose, which is flat at tlie root. The uasi-muktr angle is high in 



NiiRMX FB JNTALIS ET LATERALIS OF TFUG MALE BBACHVi tl HALl. ^1.- LL, SO. 4. 



(with the I'ERsniisiEas of the colncil of the AXTiniai'outuicAL institcte.) 



all instances. The lower mai-gin of the nasal aperture is usually well de- 

 fined, but slopes fihghtly in FOme instances into the alveolar portions of 

 the maxillffi. The nasal spine is feebly developed, lieing represented by 

 Noe. 1 and 2 of Broca. The alveolar portion of the maxillae has become 

 BO atrophied after loss of the teeth in three skull b (one male and two 

 femaltB) as to be reduced to almost a narrow rim of bone ; in these the 

 alveolar height has not been me^isured. A correj^pondingly atrophied 

 condition likewise obtains in the alveolar Iwixler of the resiJective mandi- 

 bles. In the others in which the teeth were complete at the time of death 

 this jx>rtioji of the face is short ; the measurements, however, indicate 

 a gi-eater estimate-of the vertical distance between the floor of the nose 

 and the alveolar plane, as in most instances there is a considerable degree 

 of alveolar prognathism. The maxillaj are broad in comparison to their 

 length, especially in the case of the male No, 10, where the maxillary or 



