26 



fence Of the recovery of their dependency of 

 Pa hang 



It ma) iir^ic bv Slated that, altJiough wc have 

 no exact data whereby to hx the period in which 

 tlie principal Malayan slates of Kedah, Perak, 

 Sulengor, Snngei Ujong, Kumbow, including 

 Pahang and Packanja. Tringan6, Callanlan, and 

 Putani, were founded, yet as these nations are 

 essentially Malayan, and derive their origin from 

 the parent state in Sumatra, Sangei Ujong and 

 Rumbow must have been established at no long 

 period after the establishment of Johor in 1514 

 and the others probably much earlier, while all 

 originally were undoubtedly free. 



Many of the minor ones, such as Pahang, 

 Packanja, Sue. would of necessity become tribu- 

 tary to their more powerful neighbours, but Ma- 

 lacca, in wresting Pahang from the dominion of 

 Siam, tore away no integral portion of her king- 

 dom, bnt morety rescued a petty state from the 

 galling t ! i in which it was held by a foreign 



and tyrauiiOUi;. despotism. Siam, unable to recover 

 her footing, or to cope with the resources of Ma- 

 lacca, suspended all communication with the 

 victor. Tim want of intercourse between two 

 neighbouring states necessarily affected their 

 mutual prosperity, and Snlthaun Manzur Shah in 

 consequence determined to send an embassy to 

 Siam with the view of removing so prejudicial 

 an estrangement. 



Fearful, how^ever, of his motives for seeking a 

 reconciliation being misconstrued, he directed 

 that the letter should contain neither *' greeting 

 nor •salutation." U accordingly ran thus. ** It 



