THE MALAY I' KM N. SI LA, 



Pcrnk and Kcdnh touch), and the source of the Krlan, tho mountain 

 range forming the water-parting of tho Porak river constitutes tbu 

 western frontier. From Taiek eastwards Perak ii conterminous on 

 the north ami east with tlio Patfuu States of Jalo and Kemun ; hut 

 here the eacnet course of the hound ary-linc is at present the subject 

 of ne^ottatiuns with Si am. On the east the inner range forming the 

 divide of the Plus, Kin I a ntid Kampar, Butane; Padang and Bador, 

 with the other tributaries of the Pdrak, constitutes the frontier of 

 Pernk fur as the sources of the river Slim. On the south it is 

 hounded by the river Eoraam, and thence to Sungei Bakau by the 

 tea. 



For commercial purposea Pcrak enjoys the advantage of proximity 

 to Pinaug, which is at present its ehieE oufport, and wilh which 

 daily steam communication is maintuined. The chief harbours are 

 the new Port Weld, Telok Kcrtung fit the mouth of the L4rut river, 

 and Telok Anson on the Pcrak river. 



The surface is almost equally divided lielwcen lull and plain, an 

 extent of about 2000 arjuare miles being occupied with uplands 

 ranging from 1500 to 8000 feet above eea-lcvei. The chief mountains 

 are the Titi Wantraa and CJunong Ilijau (Larut), the Gwuong Bubo, 

 and the inland ranges, of which Gunong Be&ar, Monnle Kubmson 

 and Tengah (Tanggn) are respectively the central peaks. Here rise 

 the rivers Plus, Kinta, Kampar, Mlor, Songkci, Slim, and the 

 Sstnhilau, flowing to the Pahang, 



Tho mountain ranges are generally nf granitic formation, but, in strong 

 contrast to their usually round surfaces, sharp [teaks and crag* of limestone 

 formation cro]i up heru and there throughout thu country. The prillfitpti 

 of these are Gunong Kendo vong, Gunong Kernel, and Bukil Kiijung in 

 the north ; Batu kurnu and Gunong Pundok ; soma un tunned hills in 

 the Phii range*, and numcroua peaks in tins Kinta valley. 



The Wftm in the liinu&loue uiuuiil ihirf furnish hats' ^lui no — an excellent 

 imtlitll'L'j which, :us well aa IllmS, is iiVailnLlo for botti mountain ami low 

 country cultivation. 



T/u) Residency. — The auat of the Government of the! lirit inli lieMileot 

 i* tlu« small vitbtgo of AVu ' r A'"»ftmr, nn the uppor wjiiern or tlio I'erak, 

 ril-iiiii -2;] irnUa fj-riru the purl « ■ I' Ti-Iuk Kerlnug, oti tin: IJirul rivwr, with 

 which it is connected by a good road, it tsM about 100 miles Up the 

 IN." ink river, tlin Llrut route llnut giving ilu. 1 most direct m.-Ceai to 

 Ffttttltti 



Hm country can best bn defirrilHi! (Tinsistinfr physically of three 

 prinei|'ii] w.iti'vsY.-ti'ins — that of the Krinn to tho north, ibat of the 

 I'pmk in the centre, and that of the livnmnii to tin* south* Ivu/h will bo 

 described in turn. Bui the tin-mining distrirt nf Ltrut, whieli belongs 

 Ui neither of these physical divisions, has played and still plays so im- 

 portant a part in the development of the StatCj that it deserves nrst 



ptwntton. 



