18 



EASTEEN GEGfiEJLPHY* 



PatflnL — The country* still coinmonty known na PnlAni, Ilea 

 between Senggora and Ketantan (7° — 6 D 20' N.) with a const- 

 line of about 50 miles on the east side, and an estimated nreti of 

 6000 square miles. But, except as applied to the river of that 

 name, the term Patani is merely a historical expression, under 

 which are now comprised as many as nine distinct petty Siamese- 

 Malayan States or provinces, These administrative divisions, 

 together with some (jt Imt district*, w snider the general hut iil- 

 deBned control of So-nggGrn, the seat o£ government for the south- 

 eastern section of the Siamese system, so fur as any administrative 

 suzerainty ex wis, 



Shire it* invasion and snhjugatioii hy Slam in 1832, Patau! has Item 

 broken up into the four &ea4toard States or division*, lying from north 

 to south iu the following order :— Xong-chik or Trijuug, Patani, Jurins:, 

 Sai ; and the. Uvu interior divi-dons— Tipah, (henni. .lalo, Neman, Ligei. 

 Of tlipw, KriiuLii ia, even excluding any purl of the Pfank watershed, 

 the most c.\teusi?e t and Patani with its seaport, is probably still 

 the most populous. Jalo and Ligtd arc believed to be the richest in 

 minerals. 



rivers — the Patam and the Tehmh' — which rise in the same hills ami Jlinv 

 nearly pandkl to the m-n, through a country for the moat part Hat, Inn 

 with isolated cliffs and hub. 



The Patau i is a long but shallow river which retains tho same name 

 throughout its whole length, its source i* said to lie in the mountain 

 Jamhul Merck fpcaeoek's enwt) about 6 n gf/, from whieh also the northern 

 tributaries of the Fi'rak How ; thence it hiw a northerly course and falls 

 into the Gulf of Siam in C 56' Sf, The upper watera uf tht- river* 

 PfetiuJ and I'trak are a labyrinth of streams forming tho head. waters of 

 the rivt'r system of this part of the Peninsula ; the mtt Kelantan ia also 

 said to take it« BOttrOfl in the, same region. 



Tho PaU'iui has an extensive delta, intersected by numcTnns creeks. 

 Kvdla Ttijutig to the north ia the most important estuary, and U BHri> 



Side oh far aa Kwila Nong-eiiik (Noeut) where it bifurcates from the 

 tani. 



The Bay of Pafelni ifl formed by the projection of a narrow strip of land 

 about seven nr eight tiiile.H in length, which, connected with tho mainland 

 to the eastward, bend* round to the north-west like a horn, and protects the 

 roadstead, so that vessels can at most seasons ride in safety. The western 

 extremity of this projection is called (ope PntanL Tho town and port of 

 Patani is almost: all thai is trfl unchanged of tlui former important State 

 of thiit name. It was and Htlll U tho chiuf town of the whole of |his 

 country. It ia bi tun ted ahnLiC two niile.i frrmi llu! river's rauiltli, uti <:e- 

 south-east side ; a fair amount of trade ia carried on with Singapore atnl 

 Jiangkok, as also with the neighbouring Siamese and Malayan State*. 

 The exports are tin, lead, gutta, suit-fifth, til en, oarthe.uwan', sad timber, 

 Tho population of the town consists of Malaya, Chinese, and Siamese, and 

 ia Btipt^oiicd to Ikj from SQUO to Tho Malay ram preponderates, 



the Kajn himself lteing a Malay. The active, commercial and shipping 

 business is controlled by a n Captain China. " 



