e 



K A ST KLIN* ftKiHilUI'HW 



arecn, and gomuti. The nutmog, cinnamon, and clove hare been 

 introduced, and thrive well, although the nutmeg is subject to ft leuf 

 disease. IndigO] gambler, pepper, the eugnr-onno, tea, coffee, and 

 tapioca have also been acclimatised. A species of climbing indigo 

 ami the wilil 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 s • "_r ure iudignnMis, as aro also the characteristic 

 duriau and mangusteen fruit trees, Tho moat generally cultivated 

 plants are rice, sugar-cane, cotton, tulu.i-f.i, vnum, batata, cocoa and 

 areca palms. With the spread of agriculture and mining operations 

 tlie primeval forest* tend to disappear, and in many districts extensive 

 tracts have already hv<-n Hmrvd by (W Chimin miner*, who reck- 

 lessly cut down the finest trees to Serve as f jel for smelting the tin 

 ores. 



Tauna,— Tlio. Fauna nf the Peninsula, which is unusually rich, 

 is allied, like the Horn and the inhabitants, partly to that nf the 

 Eastern Archipelago, partly to thi> Astatic mainland- Here ore the 

 one-horned rhinoceros, Malay tapir (teno'j, elephant} and hog, nil of 

 the sumo species as those of Sumatra, Here am aluo a small \n-i\t 

 (hro-nug), found elsewhere ordy in Borneo, and the Snmla ox of 

 .lava, Iji'Hiih'ft two kinds uf bison, said to be peculiar to the Peninsula. 

 On the Other hand, the Asiatic tiger has extended his range throughout 

 the whole region, even crossing over to Singapnrr- and olln<r ndjarnii 

 islands, Of quad rum ana there are no less than nine species, in- 

 cluding the kukang {Leatttr tardigmd hs) t a so-calli'd chimpanzee 

 (Simut titHjfafyttt), the black ami white ungk.i, but apparently not 

 tbe orang-liutan. although the term is in common use, and applied 

 by the Malays in it* natural sense of <+ wild men n to the wild tribes 

 of ih- intt-riur. 



Of birds perhaps tha most channtumtie nre th? rhineeprna honibill 

 Uh teu t» \ tho hutk^uu or Javanese itork, tho nrgusand pstidfled pheasants, 

 j^i.hl.; l.ir.In of jmradis* (Ptmtttbm rrtfM and P. puffin's), thu nyna or 

 crackle (Gramf/t rtfhjuw), the uiurei or dial bird (OracuJa tauliris), 

 VM«iile.H kingfishers, fly-catchers, d<ivt-», and pigeons in eudk-as variety* 

 Tbe islands an frequented by the Hiruwfo t-icftknia, or swalluw that twtld % 

 eduYu nests, imd the forests swarm with eoleaptera, leridoptj-ra, aud other 

 insects, including ths magnify i n c luttertly, OnuVwf,b-ra lifiiokmm, till 

 recently au|3(H>sed to be peculiar to Borneo, The surrounding waters arc 

 inhabited by the haUnore, or "mermaid," a sircntan, whuse Alalay name 

 ofduyvntj has bean corrupted to dwjim>j in English. 



