EASTERN GEOGRAPHY, 



Bangip } Psuknos, Kunris, and many other liill tribes are still mostly 

 in it wild state, living by the produce of the choie, and worshipping 

 the powers of nature m manifested in nil outward phenomena* In 

 this respect, M well u in physical type, they appear to be closely 

 allied to the Shendtls, Xagas, Miehmi^and other wild tribes occupy- 

 in.; Ill- C'liitlagong Jiiid A*?am highland* t\* far as the Tibutan fron- 

 tier. The Khyiingtha, comprising the Mugs (Mags), Kb am is, and 

 nthvr mum «'ivili>ed >■■ mummitie- setlh-d on I he middle and lower 

 course of the rivers constitute the agricultural clement. Like the 

 other cultured people of Burmah, they are chiefly Buddhists j but 

 the type has become considerably modified by intermixture with 

 Hindu immigrants from Lower Bengal. Many of these immigrant* 

 belong to the low caste Mug trilie of east Bengal, whence the term 

 Mug is now commonly but wrongly applied by the Bengalee to all 

 the lowland or settled inhabitant* of Araknn. 



These will I'd piipi»l:ui<i»]s. amnngsl wlium tin.- a few Moham- 

 medan* rn'3 finally from l>ellii ami other pint* of the flanges La-in, 

 ore engaged aWoBt exclusively in agricultural pursuits. Tim local 

 industries have either been arrested in their natural development or 

 completely extinguished by the competition of Indian and European 

 wales introduced from Chittagong, or through the port of Akyab. 

 A l llti* port are also shipped the rice and limber which form tin: vh uef 

 jij'JLfli'.- nl' ill.- i ■ x i » i jt t HM.lv. Formerly a large transit trade was 

 curried on with Bunnah along a fine highway constructed by the 

 King of Avu at the beginning <d the preen t century over the inter- 

 vening Arakan Yoma range. Along this route silkn, cottons, and 

 ether European and Indian goods, besides null local produce M salt 

 and betel nut% were forwarded in exchange for ivory, silver, copper, 

 precious stone*, and nllier lltirrii.-^- pruduit*, A railway cuiiNtnic-.ted 

 from Akyab :d«oig lai.- naile t-i Mandalay would J a l ■ >|. veli.p the 

 vast resources of the Irawaddy basin alums! mure rapidly than a 

 northern extension of the Rangfln- Promo line, 



Administration,— Forming one of the three division of British 

 Bunnohoa constituted before the recent ocenpatiun of Independent 

 Buruuih, Arakan is administered by a commissioner, who exercises 

 the functions of civil and criminal judge, and controls all matters con- 

 nected with the revenue, trade, and o aviation. Under him arc deputy 

 commissioners in charge of the several districts* Under the native rule 

 there were four district, twn on the mainland (AraJom proper in the 

 north and Thondwai or S&ndoway in the south), and two for the 

 island* of Ramri and Cliednbn. The number of districts is still the 

 same, but the distribution » different, there being now three for the 



