KASTEUJf (JlHlfiRAPiiV. 



much real inlluenec hi tin- ifdund, suid llw only uie&innary effort recorded 

 in tin* sixti-enlb century eeaied with the death of it* prmnoler, the 

 Tluuline rmmk, _\ is • i ■ i < ■ VuMimicdi. 



Early in tlw seventeenth century t la i* Dutch and l-ln^li-sh Iwijiu to appear 

 -hi tin- m-i'iim, awl in lo'os Sitriiiii-] Mlomuiai-rt w.jh appointed Dutch n-s\- 



deut in I^juuUk ami Sukadnna* ' l.ii_di-di, ul:o i.t.u t. i r i a ll-m 



alMiut llUsi', Uml a fur'CuT at It:injiM"MiLsiii iu l?<io\ Hut fnmt tin-, they 

 were. sfM-m expelled, aip]Lin-jjil y by tin.' influence of tho Dutch, who shortly 

 after obtained n inoiiojMly of the trade. The Dutch power became pre- 

 dominant L'KUtld tin' ive-d and south Coast, wln-li tie 1 rnj.Lh of B:ui1:iili h i'l 

 ceded hi&govcrt'ign rights l« llu*ir^<-'i>iii |u»ny. and - * -. | . -i :l 1 1 \- w}„ v. div sultan 

 of Banjor surrendered his territory about 17*7. 



I'll.' .MC<-nlion nt lie Km .1 i-l. ■.'.:■•■ in '.i\'.--t pari of Mi.' <'i^-lii. , nih 

 century tuni'-'tl towards North Borneo, then subject to thn sultan of Suln, 

 from whom, in 17Stf, Alexander Dnlrymplc. hud obtained formal po^e^ioii 

 of Balaiuhaiiguti lidnnd ami all the north-eastern promontory* But the 

 military post statjounl here in I7n;'t was surprised and destroyed iu 177. r » 

 by ttaLtw, or subordinate native ehirds dissatisfied with tlm cession of their 

 territory. The Dutch abio were overtaken bv a series of misfortunes caused 

 by their own niiKmniiagitiicnt. and in 1SCW nil their settlement* wore iihan* 

 doiwd by order of .Marshal Ditcdeli. The natives along the coast now 

 resorted morj and more to iilrucv, reuderiug huritiinafti trade ho iinpossdblo 

 that tlw settlement whjrh tip- l'*.iiL'li>li East I ml in I 'con pan y Jj.L'.I n^ahi riiiul»t 

 at Halamtumgan in 1804 was abruptly abandoned within n few weeks. 

 But in LSll an emliassy from the .sultan nf Dan^r-Masm to this Uritish 

 CinVernumnl fh.u c. .-.l.iUUslie'l in .l.iv.i. M-i-oied 3 In- nppriiul meat of a com* 

 mamh r and resident. An exixditinu was at the same time sent against 

 Sambas, cnid a post astablishcJ at I'ontiamtk. 



Oti the restoration of tin? hutch possession* in lSltt all these arrange- 

 ment Kf\:,< .'.nil idled, and until Ml! i 1'r. r .iml !Upnti'l tvl.l. left 



to the enterprise of the Dutch t government. About half the Mnp*«f of 

 Banjer-Mtunu iviw ceded by the nultun iu followed by further OMb 



ri---i'iim iii ] .s-J, 1 ;. (m the i-i-l eoiwt idsm tie' Hiiltaii of Kutei aeknowlod^'d 

 for a time tlw Dnjbali autlinriiy, but noon retracted, nmi has ever Bincts 

 maintained ;i beini-unlepi'iuleut n^iil state, AImhh 18JM the Dutch .sunre- 

 macy vrm ^vtivmily repodfated. their troubtea in Java having dii'L-rieil tle'ir 

 attention from Borneo, On the opening Qt Siu^npore nearly all the Btlgil 

 trAile, formerly eentr>-d in .\uih-yn i, diwrteil to tile Straits, ami 

 direct relations e-stablisliiid with Saniwjik uml lirunei. Then the ntcea- 

 sitv of suppresbi tig piracy became ho urgent that Mr. Brooke, aided by tho 

 British traders, at last succeeded in proctttiug the eo-ojMMnttun of English 

 cruiiefH for that puqtose. This led to pfdittcal intervunttun, and in 1S4S-7 

 Labuati wan eeded by the sultan of Brunei, who .lUi .i^reed to make no 

 cession of territory to any nation or individual without British consent. 

 The Dot eli, tints cheeked in the north, eomtiitratril their attention mi 

 the development of their inlluence on the south and east roast*. In 181-1 

 the aultnn of Kutei acknowledged tln-ii pr«iN"-t..:-.n- , uid thena*aof their 

 adminintration haa Hincc then steadily inercuswl round thn southern sea« 

 Iniiinl. At present they have a nominal suzerainty over two-thirds of the 

 Maud, although M-an-idy olu- tenth appears to be under tie- ir lim-.'i M -ntml 

 or miministrariVH influence, 



Tho establishment of an organised government by Sir drums Brooks 

 iu -Sarawak, followed by tho recent occupation of North Borneo by a 



