THE EASTERN ARCHIPELAGO. 



.■h/iin-ii it Ku.nli.nh Irudiinj <;r»ru|i;i>i\ , sn.Min'i ih,- rxel tlni ve f ■ i".- 3 ■ :ji : i i n i i . -j 

 llritish EnftOMtm throughout all tlui districts not artmdly elainiud by 

 ||o]]amt. I [i ii.' Tifrlh L]iL-si' two Slate* will lie held jointly ri'sponaible fur 

 tlii' mattirial development of Bomuo, mid the intvl kctual pro^r- <>\ lm 

 i' idigi'iioim populations, 



BPUATKA. 



X.-\1 in fiirt' to Bonn f the Grail Rundn ■■n>. Sumatra 



itrfttClMl for 1070 mites north-west and eontli-euKt between 0* N. — 

 (T S. Int., and 9&" — 10tT E r Inn-;. It is llnir, Uka Borneo, nearly 

 bisected by the creator, and with an iivem-i' breadth "F i-xvr 200 

 miles, liiifl a totail area id" aboftt 128,000 «puwe miles, or 8000 mure 

 tlian that of Great Britain and Ireland together Washed on the 

 west by the Indian Ocean, it lfl separated <m (lie nurth cimt by 

 Malacca Strait fruiu tin- Malay Peiiimnliit and at it*, suiuhern 

 L-Alrriiiity by ill- S In S:r:iir fniu Java. 



Islands. -Sumatra is fringed on both side* by numerous islands 

 mid iufiiliir ^r-iLi]*.-. nil ill" which appear t<i have originally formed 

 pari ..f i lu- mainland, lint rdnh- mi lln- we-4 Si Main (H";/), 

 Btttu, North and South Pom (Menlawey), North ami South Pajjey 

 (Nassau), and Engnno clearly "indicate the primitive Suinatran coast- 

 line toward* the Indian Ocean,, on the awt side Binluiu^ Linj^a, 

 Sinkep, Eanen, and Eililou belong, on tho contrary, tu the Malar 

 Peninsula, of which (hey f irm a u»*"h»Ki(:rtl extensiuii s«ulliwuTds». 



Bill, il slight Upheaval of perhaps illjnin fiO j'atlluliH vniild >Htli''i: 

 : " : . : n i- -••'! rbesc groups with Sumatra itself U* llie Asiatic 

 Cuntinenl, *>l' whieh l)u-v are niervly detachrd Fni^niriiK 



I -in u i and bingsf*, witli all the eirtLtutjaeent udnuds mid Islet*, form 

 colfactividy the Dntch Residency <rf Itioin-l.iiigfpi. They are mostly fi-rtilu, 

 and carry on an active tntdo in pepper and timber through tlin ehn-f town 

 Rioti, on an is*lr*t off the Booth const of UititAtig h tho largest of the group. 

 Here also resides the sultan of Ktau, now a dopcudi-nt of the Dutch 

 Government But of all tin- Sainmran island,*, the largest and moat 

 important arc Banca {130 mile* long), separated try the strait of like name 

 from the south-east coast, and BSlitmi, of rirvulur fonn, 40 miles across, 

 ■i"p:n-tt«-d from Hani-a by f'aspar ,S<iih1. Itoth the*' iMlaadt, which 

 ivni-inbh; i-iM-h otln«r in formation, appisaranci', and inhaliiianls, fonn 

 Dutch ResidcncieM, and an 1 noted for their ricli tin nunen, vhlofl hitve 



i ri wi*th»i fur thf nntclM:ov«Tii id chii^lv l.yrhijh'-' rniinr* 



1709, yielding about 10.000 tons of metal ycitrly. tlie great tin formation, 

 which rornmenetw iji TeiiaK.^'rim, and rxhrndx almost uninterruptedly 

 tlih.-^jk'h tlf Malay IVn insula to iS.'iiu'a and Hditon, hvxv comes loan end. 



In tln^ extn'm* 1 Kontli-ve5t T ermsidL j rahly ln'yond tliu BBOpoyMctl or 

 natural lirnitH of tho Eastern Archipelago, lies thi- small hut interesting 

 coral tjnc group of the Kmfng or Cocoa Islands, now attached to the 



