1GS EASTERN GEOGRAPHY. 



which three varieties nro grown* The inhabitants excel in the 

 manufacture of the sarong, or njiticvrsnl garment p wuvyn by tlie wouil-ii, 

 and together- with wtriegat'jd mati largely exp -rtcd. 



But the chief pursuit of the r ml ised eoiumnnitiea is trade and* mnritiins 

 enterprise. The Uugliis and Mangkaasars are at ptescnt the moat adven- 

 turous fend skilful seafarers in tliu Eastern Aiclii[H>l™go. With their little 

 craft of peculiar ImiM, and from 40 t« SO tons bunion, they havfl acquired 

 a latum idntre uf the local carrying trade, making limg journeys ns far east 

 an Now Guinea, and irevtwWdj to Sumatra, in tlio track of tlie moiisoonB. 

 The outward cargoes are ehiolly cotton olothj (-^imags), edible LirdsVnests, 

 ttr.pn.tig, coffee, rice, gotd-duiit, tnrtnistvNhp]], Randrd-wnod< rniltting, bw«- 

 WAK, gomuii oordue, sugir, and cocon-Mit oil. In exchange for these 

 e.f»iiimiMlitin(i r they kIi it* to Batfcvtt] Singapore, and other places, cotton and 

 hi Ik fabric-*, nh<u\ ami iron ware, Cliinn good*, btrda of paradise. The 

 Imt>[ ili^ of (VliuVq have mimeroui settlements in Borneo, Sumatra, mid 

 many other parts of the Archipelago. 



Molucca anp Band a Groups, 



Under the term Moluccas (MALtteoa) or £piee Island^,, aTe now 

 pencriilly comprised most of the groups lying between Celebes and 

 New (luinen, and divided politically into the three Dutch Residencies 

 of Am boy?? A, Banna, and Thrnate, with a total area of over 20,000 

 square mih:s. They form two dihlirmt geographical groups ; the 

 Moluccas proper, with Jihdo to the north ; the Ennda?, with Ceraiu 

 and Bftrii in the south, separated from Celebes, the formeT by 

 Mo] ticca Pnssage,, the latter by Pitt Passage. North WHnls, the Tnlur 

 islets, lying in comparatively shallow water, servo to effect a transition 

 to the Philippines, while in the south they are severed by the deep 

 basin or the Honda Sea* from Timor and Timor Limt. They .ire 

 almost exactly bisected by the equator, north and south of which 

 they extend in Tulur and the Bandit* a little beyond the fourth 

 parallel of latitude, 



Pliy-irnlly tin two Ijitl'-'- hhui'ls nf .Til fin and lYrnni :\yr»-r\T t r> ron-vist 

 mainly of crystalline end old sedimentary rocks, while nil the smaller 

 groupn arc essentially igneous, forming an important section of the volcanic 

 belt, which traverses the whole Archi|H'1n£rp from Sumatra to the Philip, 

 pines. Many of th* volcanoes are still active, and several wen 1 ! in eruption 

 when these waters wore visited by thu GhftOeBger expedition in 1#74. On 

 that occasion Ternnte, a huge vrd«MtnV mass, with three superimposed 

 cihk'", 5<?iin f-et hi^h, wm ii«."-ridi'd Mi-'i-I-v ami Balfour, who found 

 that the m.'igld»ourmg Tidnr, out of thr Kicrhesit points in the whole group, 

 Attained ah deration t»f &>i)G fuct. Oilier cnn^jiii unih- . U • in 



(SS00), o little uerth of the equator; Him {2200), north of Teruato ; and 



