174 



TiCE LRHHKH SlTNPAS, WITH TlMOR AND TlltOR L-WT. 



All llu* member.-* of this- -r.iiijt, except Sumba ami Timor Laitt, 

 form *i many link* in one of the must KMiiarknbhi chains uf volcanic 

 inland* on the jjlobe, stretching fmm Java and Bali just tinder the 

 eighth parallel of south latitude., due eastwards to the btet of Moa, 

 120" E, longitude, off the eastern extremity of Timor. They are 

 separated by the narrow but deep Lombok Strait from Bali, western 

 limit of the Asiatic world, ftnd like that of Java, their long axis in 

 disposed in the direction from west to east in all ease* except Timor, 

 which is only partly volcanic, lithI which runs south-west and north- 

 cost* Owing to the inllueiice of the predominant wind from the 

 arid plains of North Australia, the climate i* much drier than in 

 most other parts of the Archipelago, and in its utnuml and vt>getable 

 forms the whole group resembles the same region far more than any 

 other of the *umnt tiding hunk Hero the line in dtftwn very sharply 

 between Bali and Lombok, although separated from each other by a 

 marine passage not more than 15 mile* wide. 



Lombok, so designated by Europeans from the name of the 

 southern district, frtutialty railed RrianuWln by the Balinese, and by 

 tin- Ibighi* T>ti\<i!, »<>t*t'.\ [h:ii h, "Lund of the Sasaks," ns its native 

 inhabitants are tailed. It is of rlmmhoidal shape, 55 milea by 4?i t 

 with an area of 210O square miles, and a population of some 400 t OOO, 

 all Fawika (Mohammedans nf Midayun stork \ except about £0,000 

 Hindu Itnlifiu-w, and .WO Malay .s camfuicd to the seujwrte. 



Recent calcaneus formations prevail in the wroth, which la traversed 

 Tc.^t. nml iasl t«y ii UiuM.sUm'j ranU' 1 , "'i(li an i'\lmiiM alnlml- 1 •]' 1 1 jVi-r. 

 Hut thf nnrth in wholly igneous, with a parallel but mud; htftii-r vuJeauic 

 range, culminating in tlv I. ■mil- <U !'• ik (1! liming Renjom\ a remarkable 

 mountain, with four cones encircling it crater, obovfi which rises ■ lift It cone, 

 Api, continually emitting sulphuruurt vapoury. Snngkaivjaii, the loftiest 

 of these cones, U J2,-I6Q feet high, and between it and Vayan feet) 

 lies the upland f^akn Segarn, 71*0') \Wt almve fseadovel. Tin- northern and 

 southern ranges an* cwiliwied near iln- ■ t.ir«- mf ih«- i-!a:nL lo- tk<- •■ ■>', -uw 



Sessau hilh, which rE«)t]|i-i3 with :l >l> m<<- * Ll : <n ■•!' dm.ilis au-I 



grown.'.*, and whieh form a waterpartine, whence H--w mmn thus urunm- 

 gable bat pomuuol ilruan^ contributing much to tho fertility d| t Jj . 

 land. 



Marking the extreme eastern limit of the Australian animal and 

 vegetable forms, Loiabok Wk» tin) Ami^ |ndni, the hmtar (/to/mium 

 JtnMfifwmi*), mid many other rh.nn ri-a \r Javun.--'- ["hut*, and ii also 

 r. Ititivcly pnor in orchids, f«nn, and UtitMti Sure are ui> tiger* or other 

 T liiLi', whilu the 0 riot us honftchti, and other Mnls common t>> Lndo 

 Malaya, aru roplacud by cockatoos, the tripodorkyncu* timorkusu^ and 



