RHOPALOCKU, I MALAWI XA , 



107 



smaller size, the frequent absence of the apical spot, and the generally (in the male) smaller 

 size of the subapical spot to differentiate it. 



We are indebted to the Bros, de Aiwis for a drawing of the larva of this species as found 

 in Ceylon,* which is reproduced here (ante, p. 102, fig. 38), and Br. Horsfield had previously 

 given a figure f representing the larva of the Javati form of C. athumas, * which differs only 

 from the first by the absence of the M oblique yellowish white stripe" from the eleventh 

 -in. ui :i d i tli >vvi w. winch may or ni;iv no\ meivly iv|uvsrnl ji JifVi n ut slutfo uf growth 

 in the caterpillar, and hence a different stage in the developmental markings. In Ceylon it is 

 strttud to feed on " C<rs<tlpiiti<t." § 



Of the habits of the typical form of C, athmm in N,W, India we have a few particulars 

 from Cn.pt. Lang. || It is " an insect of extremely rapid flight, flashing like lightning tip 

 and down rocky-bedded streams in Himalayan glens (3000 to 5000 ft.). It pitches on rocks 

 in mid-streani, and flashes off again if approached. It is not common, and very difficult 

 to capture; yet one very hot day in June I saw seven individuals sitting with closed wings, 

 motionless, on a foul spot (by the damp sandy margin of a stream f), so close together that 

 I might have put my hat over all of them. 11 



5. Charaxes hebe. (Tab. XV., rig. 2 <? .) 



Clutiwx UrU, Butler, Proo. SJool. Soc. 18u5, p. tm t u. 46, t. 87, T. 8"; Druce, Proe. Zool. Boo. 1678, p. 846, 

 o. 4; ButL TrAiis. Linn. Sac. aer. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. 5oV), 2 (1B77). 



Male and Female. Winy a above very pale greenish. Anterior wings with the base, cell, and base 

 of costal area greyish brown ; apical half blackish, with a small pale greenish spot between the discoidal 

 nervules ; this black apical area is much waved internally , commencing near end of cell it is obliquely 

 and outwardly directed, becoming prominently concave at the median nervules, and somewhat narrowly 

 terminating at the posterior angle. Posterior wings with the base greyish brown, and in some specimens 

 (as the one figured] a darker marginal border containing a marginal aeries of fuscous spots inwardly marked 

 with white streaks placed between the nervules (the one at anal angle marked with two white spots) ; in 

 other specimens these markings are much paler and BOtnewhat indistinct ; extreme margin and margins 

 of caudate appendages dark green. Wings beneath reddish brown, boLh wings crossed by a broad pale 

 shining greenish fascia, inwardly margined by a narrow castaneous fascia with blackish borders; on the 

 anterior wings the greenish fascia commences at end of cell, immedialely beneath the first median nervule, 

 and is broadly margined with ctist-aueoiis above, which forms a subtri angular patch extending to upper 



* Lep. CeyL i. t. 14, fij?. 2 6. | Descript. Cat. t. viii. t. 7. 



J Thin Javan form of this speeies is probably the variety described by FeUler under the name *tf C. aitaluM (Heine Nov, 

 Lop. iii. p. 488, EL Till. 



§ Lep. Ceyh i. p. 80. The genus Cfcaatpiiiia comttBta of tree* or Khrubn ^rowin^ ici thu tropical parts i>f Afcin, Africa, 

 and America, tbns agreeing roughly with the distribution of Charades, as in Tropical America in allied genu* Mwjixlaui* 

 is found (some authors, an Volleuhoven, have described aperies of this genus under the name of Uh*irtixe*)> drtaipinia 

 includes plants possessing both chemical and medicinal properties ; i<-r example, the Oriental C. stijytiu, which yields the 

 will- known red dye; whilst, according to Dr. Hogg (/ Indian Notes,' p. 217). another Aperies, Cfttnlpimn wpiurttt-rrlun'.' 1 

 the " Mysore; thorn, a priekly Jieil^e climber with yellow ll^wei's." [><.-.-.< >si-s uhlringrsd wo.id T and iti, bruised I wive a are applied 

 oh a euro for burns* Mr. 11. Spruce, m his botauiual investigations in the Amazon Valley, found that " n..-me c ate rp ilium 

 seem to have a decided taste for bitters; and narcotics are randy objected to" iJourm Linn. Soc, Zool. vol. ix. p, 854). 



|| Eut. Mouth. Mug. i. p. 181. 



*1 These are always favourite spots for Khopalocera. Some Lepchas who in Sikkim make what tlicy cau by catching 

 insect* mid selling them to visitors, take advantage of the known partiality of butterflies for wet sand. Air. do Niceville states 

 that **in one place upon a large tiaUisu atone near the middle of the stream, the rueu had put some sand uud kept it watered, 

 and it was surprising die number of butterflies that nunc to their * trap' and were caught" (Jo urn. Asiat. Soc, liougl. vol. ii. 

 pt. ii. p- 34 (lBSIi). These habits may be of use to die explorer, us wln-ri Command. Cameron states that he "always found' 

 butterflies in a dry country **as sure sign that water was near 1 ' ('Across Africa/ vol. i. p. lot)), 



