It HO PA LOG ERA MALA VAX A, 105 



common origin at the end of cell; the third median and tot subcostal nervules almost subequal in 

 length, Body moderately robust ; palpi ponvet, not reaching the upper margin of the eyes, but extending 

 considerably boyond them, squaniose beneath, and with the apical joint pointed; antenme with a 

 moderately strongly incrassated apex or club. 



This is an extensive genus, though it is somewhat difficult to assess the number of its 

 species, owing to the present uncertainty as to whether many of its members are either 

 so-called species or simply varieties of other species. It has an extensive distribution, being 

 found in all the great Zoological Eegions, excepting the Palearctic, although it may possibly 

 yet be discovered in the extreme eastern portion of that region. It is, however, in the 

 Oriental Region that the genus reaches its maximum in numher of species, whilst it is very 

 poorly represented in the Nearctic and Neotropical Regions, and evidently there by an 

 introduced species. 



L Hypolimnas bolina. (Tab. X1L, tigs. 10 and 12 «? ; XV., rig. 12 2 .) 



I 'apt-tin fhtlimt, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. -171), n. 124 1 1758); Clerck, Iconcs Ins. ii. t. 21, f. 2 ( 170-1) ; 

 Houtt. Naturh Hist, i. 11, p. 381, k 124 (1767); Mull. Nature V. I p. OU, u. 188 (1774); Fabr. 

 SysL. Ent. p. 607, n, 2G9 (1775); Spec. Ins, ii. p. 95, n. 414 11781) (part); Miint. Lis. ii, p. 50, 

 u. lU'J U7W7) i part); Gmel. Syst. Nat, i. G, p. 2*123, p. 1B8 (1790) [part); Thunb. Mus. Nat. tips, 

 xxiii. p. 8 (ItfOi). 



DifuUma ilulhiu. Wall. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1809, p. 27B, n. 1 (part); Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1674, p. lOfi, u. 1 ; 



Knoll. Tijd. Ent. xix. p. 14S, n. 28 (1876); ibid, xx. p. (JG (1977). 

 SypoUmm* BoUna, Kirby, Cat. Dium. Lop. p. 224, n, 1 (1B71) (part); Bull. Trans. Linn. Hoc. ser. 2, Zool. 



vol. i. p. 548, n. 1 U877) ; Wood-Mas. & do Nic. Journ. Asiat. Soc. 13eng, vol. xlix. pt. 11, p. 228, 



u. 24 (1880> ; ibid. vol. L. pt. 11, p. 288, n. 22 (18B1) ; Aurivill. Xougl. sv. vet. Ak. Handl, lid. 19, 



no. 5, p. 00 (1882). 

 AlHttuvtt Bufhm, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. i, p. 68, t, 30, f. 1 (1881). 



Male. Wings above very dark indigo-blue. Anterior wings with a large elongate and macular white 

 spot at end of cell, margined with bright bluish, commencing near the upper discoidal nervule and 

 terminating near tlie second median nervule; two or three small subajueal white spots divided by the 

 fourth and fifth subcostal uervules, and sometimes followed by a few minute submarginal whitish spots 

 placed between the uervules. Posterior wings with a large central white spot, broadly and irregularly 

 surrounded by pale bluish, which commences on lower half of cell, and is bounded by the upper subcostal 

 and the third median uervules; a series of minute and frequently sutaobsolete submarginal white spots 

 placed between the nervules. Fringe of both wings alternately white. Wings beneath dark olivaceous- 

 brown. Anterior wings with the white markings as above, but with the large macular spot at end of cell 

 almost extending; to costa, not prominently margined with bluish, and followed by a small pale spot 

 beneath the second median nervule ; submarginal spots distinct, one on each side of third median nervule 

 largest and bluish ; a pale lunulate submarginal fascia and a similar but more linear marginal fascia, 

 which are almost obsolete above the lower discoidal nervule ; basal half of costal urea minutely irrorated 

 with greyish; cell with three upper small and irregular white spots more or less surrounded with dark 

 fuscous. Posterior wings with a broad central whitish fascia, commencing near upper subcostal nervule, 

 where it is preceded by a subcostal spot, and terminating near anal angle (this fascia is variable both in 

 size and shape) ; a submarginal series of small bluish white spots placed between the nervules, followed hy 

 a submarginal series of greyish subcorneal spots placed in pairs between the uervules; margin til linear 

 lunulate spots as on anterior wings; fringe as above. Body above dark imligu-blue, the head marked with 

 a few pale spots ; body beneath and legs more or Jess concolorous with wings, the palpi beneath white, the 

 legs beueath more or less greyish, and the abdomen and thorax with a few whitish spots. 



Junk 30, 1888. g v 



* 



