184 



It HO PA LO CERA MA LA YA SA . 



before the base of tlu- bwtir disco- cellular nervule. Posterior wings somewhat subquadrate ; costal margin 

 moderately oblique and convex ; posterior margin waved and caudately produced at apex of upper median 

 uervule; abdominal margin as in preceding genus; precostal nervure suberect and then suddenly 

 bent and obliquely directed outwardly; costal nervure strongly arched and extending to apex; second 

 subcostal nervule emitted at about the same (or a little lews) distance from the first as the base of that 

 nerval* is distant from the subcostal nervure; lower disco-cellular nervule obsolete, leaving the cell 

 entirely open ; upper median nervule angulated at a short distance from base. Body robust ; abdomen 

 short j palpi raised above the upper level of the head ; antenna long, their apices prominently clavate, 

 forming short clubs. 



Cynthia is found in Continental India, Ceylon, and the Andaman Islands, but has not 

 been recorded from the NicobaiB ; from Burma and the Malay Peninsula it extends throughout 

 the Malayan Archipelago, and has been discovered as far eastward as New Britain. 



The genus is only of moderate extent, though much larger than formerly understood, 

 when one or two species were considered as alone found throughout its area. Since tliat time 

 many females have been discovered, which have corroborated the view of much greater and 

 distinct racial or specific segregation, 



1. Cynthia deione. (Tab. X. t figs. 1 j , U.) 



Cf/nthia Deism*, Eriohson, Nova Acta Ac. Nat. Cut. xvi. Supph p. (27D) 408, n. 8 t I, 50, f. 2, %a (1833); 

 Hopff. Stett. Ent. Zeit, xxxv. p. 85, n. 83 (1874] ; Godra, & Saiv, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1878, p. 689, 

 n. 15. 



Cynthia arrinoe, Druce (noc Crara/| Proc. ZoaL Soc. 1^73, p. 842, n. t, 

 Cynthia eroutta, Butl. Trans. Linn. Soc. sor. 2, Zool. vol. i. p, 544, n. 1 (1877). 



Male. Wings above pale reddish-oehraceous. Anterior wings with tbe cell crossed by two narrow 

 black fasciae at centre, a similar waved fascia near end, and two slender and contiguous lines at its 

 termination, enclosing the disco-cellular nervules; an oblique narrow black distil fascia crossing wing 

 beyond apex of cell, after wbich is a strongly waved fascia, distinct and blackish above the Upper median 

 nervule, indistinct and reddisb beneath it ; a subinargmal series of black spots placed between the 

 nervules, and becoming obsolete towards the apex (whieh is Home what iiifuseated) and outer angle, two 

 narrow waved subuiarginal black fascia* and the margin of the same colour. Posterior wings with a 

 narrow oblique central fascia, which is either pale fuscous or reddish as in the Bpeeimen here figured ; two 

 ocellated spots, one between the second and third median nervules, the other above the diecoidal nervule j 

 an irregular black spot at apex, and marginal and submarginal lines as on anterior wing, the inner of 

 which is straight and truncate at median nervules ; from the area of the ocellated spots to the posterior 

 margin the colour is distinctly darker. Wings beneath paler and marked as above ; anterior wings with 

 three whitish and talc-like apical spots ; posterior wings with some transverse linear markings near base, 

 and an elongated spot surrounding the upper disco-cellular nervule ; beyond tbe central transverse fascia 

 on both wings tbe colour is less rufous, and on posterior wings an oblique dark fascia precedes the ocellated 

 spots. Body* and legs concolorous with wings. 



Female. Wings above olivaceous, marked as in male, but with a whitish central fascia crossing both 

 wings ; anterior wings with distinct white apical spots, and posterior wings with an additional ocellated 

 and bi-pupillated spot at anal angle. Wings beneath as above, but much paler; posterior wings with the 

 dark fascia preceding the ocellated spots, as in the same wings of the male. 



Exp, wings, $ 75 to 80 millim. ; ? (one spec.) 98 millim. 



* In the specimen figured the thorax is mbbod and denuded, thua giving it a black appearance. 



