IMOPA LOCERA MALA VAN A. 



evidence is convincing, if not decisive, * The rationale of this female polymorphism has been 

 sought in the doctrine of *' mimicry," the second Form of the female more or less resembling 

 J'apilh aristofachiifij which, as already pointed out (antm, p. 338), possesses an odotir which is 

 probably distasteful, and hence protective from that butterfly's enemies, by affording an 

 immunity from attack. The female form III. (not at present known from the Peninsula) more 

 or less resembles Papilio hector, Limi., which is also absent from our fauna, and therefore we 

 can scarcely expect to find the imitator in the absence of the imitated. Mr. Meldola has 

 offered a suggestion on the subject in the proposition " that the di- and trimorphism displayed 

 by certain butterflies has originated through polymorphism from ordinary variability/' It 

 being only necessary "for the immediate female forms to become extinct" in order to have 

 true cases of the phenomena. I That the variation is somewhat of a seasonal nature is 

 indicated by the statement of the Rev, J. H. Hocking that in the N.W. Himalaya, — where the 

 larva was found on lemon -tree M June 19," — ** The perfect insects (male and female of jmmmutt 

 form) fly from March to December, at an elevation of 6000 feet. The pohjles form ° , is more 

 restricted to the hot valleys, not appearing before June, and very rarely found above 

 4000 feet/': 



The larva and pupa of this species (under the names of 1\ pohjies and i'. jiammmt) have 

 been figured by Eorsfield aud Moore, § and reproduced here (antca, p. 321), and the larva is 

 stated to feed in Java "on a species of Citrus hearing the native name of J urn k." Mr. do 

 Kiccville describes the " common lime** as 11 one of the common food-plants of this species/' 



P. poUjtes is an abundant species wherever it is localised. Mr. Collingwood, when in 

 Borneo, found it "floated over every hedgerow," || aud scarcely a collection arrives from the 

 East that does not contain its familiar presence. 



DEMOLIOU Group. 



k. AvyWioA-group, Wallace, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxv. p. 5i) i 18135 s. 

 Hect. L1X.. Subsect. B„ Felder, Spec. LepicL Pap. pp. SO 78 (1865). 



This is a small group of Papilios inhabiting many of the islands of the Malayan 

 Archipelago, and might he considered altogether insular but for the one species here 

 enumerated, which is found on the continent. 



13. Papilio demolion. (Tab. XXVII. h % fig. :S 6 .) 



PapiUo DemoBm* Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. t. 89, A, D (1779); Horuf, & Moore, Cat. Lep. Mub. E. I. C. vol i. 



p. 105, n, 210 (1857) ; Wall. Trana. Linn. Soc. vol. xsv. p. 59, n. 70 (1806) ; Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



1878, p. 357, n. 9 ; ibid. 1874, p. 108, n. 3; lint I. Trans. Linu. Woe. ser. 2, Zool. vol. i. p. 552, n.U (1H77); 



K\m\ t fthop. derlnsd. Nina. p. 87, u. 189 (1884). 

 Vapilh* Onsptonta, Fabr. (nee Cratu.j, Spec Ins. ii. p. If, u. 77 (1871); Godt. Euc. Uvth. ix. p. fil, n. UH 



i 1810k Luc. Lep. Ex. t, 15. f. 1 USSof ; Doistl. Bp. Gen. i. p. 2ii0, n. 88 llyaii). 



An interesting account of thefte experiments is contained in 'The Asian Sporting Newspaper/ vol. iv. p. 175 (ltfMUi. 

 I Wwuuium'* ' Studies in the Theory of Descent, Ed^. Truunl. p. 250, twte. 

 J Proc. Zool: Soc. 1SS*2, p. 251*. 



§ Cat- Lep. Mus. E. I.C. t. a. Ji«Ts, 8, a : 4, a. Tl»t' lurv.i uf lIh' two forma are also, according to Horsfield, seasonal in 

 their appearance, as that of the form P.yolytvt is stuled to feed in Java from January to May, und that of the form 1\ pamntuii 

 t'n>m Nmtinlitr to April (Rur*i", « Moore, Cut. Lep. Miir. E. I.C, vol. i. p. 106). 



|| ' Kntomolctgut,* vol. iv. p. 15 (18G8). 



Sept. 25, 1885. 4 « 



