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ORIENTAL COMMERCE. [Malay Pmimuh. 



JO HO RE. — The town of Johore is about 20 miles from the entrance 

 of the river, of which the bluff land, called Johore Hill, forms the S. side. 

 There are two entrances into the river. It was formerly a place of con- 

 siderable importance. 



Trade. — The surrounding country produces pepper, gold, tin, canes, 

 sago, and elephants' 1 teeth. 



BINTANG. — This island, situated at the entrance of the Straits of 

 Singapore, is in latitude about 1° S N., and longitude 104° 30 E. Rhio, 

 the principal town, is about five miles to the N. of the S. W. extreme of 

 the island, and was formerly a place of considerable trade. 



Trade. — Large spars for masts are procured here of an excellent qua- 

 lity. Gold-dust is occasionally to be met with. There are no duties levied 

 on imports or exports ; but some presents are necessary to the Sultan, and 

 the principal men about his person. 



PAH ANG.— This town is 12 miles tip a river, the entrance of which 

 is in latitude about 3° 45 N. The river has an island at its mouth, which 

 makes two channels into it; the N. has 4^ fathoms at high water, and the 

 channel is about 150 yards broad ; just within the bar is excellent anchorage 

 in 6 fathoms. The river is a mile broad, but so full of shoals as to be only 

 navigable for small vesselii up to the town, the houses of which are built of 

 timber and bamboos, surrounded with trees. It is under an independent 

 Rajah, or King. 



Trade is scarcely deserving of attention since the establishment of the 

 settlement at Singapore. The exports are gold-dust and pepper. The 

 former is abundant in the river, and is the best in the Peninsula. Pepper 

 might be produced to the extent of 3000 tons, if required. 



PACKANGA RIVER. — The N. point of this river is a bl inT head- 

 land, in latitude -1° 50 N. The town was formerly a place of some note, 

 but fell to decay, being dependent on Rhio, the place where most of the 

 eastern trade was carried. This river is very conveniently situated for 

 trade, being deep enough at its mouth to admit vessels of 100 tons burthen. 



Trade. — The produce of the place is gold-dust and rattans, most of 

 which is exported in their own proas. Chinese junks occasionally come 

 here. 



TRINGANO is situated at the entrance of a river, in latitude 5° 21' N., 

 and longitude 103° 4 E. This is a place of considerable trade ; the Rajah 

 resides in a strong fort, and is very friendly to Europeans. Ships are in no 

 danger of surprise from the inhabitants of Tringano. The usual anchorage 

 is with the flag-staff bearing S. W. by W., the Redang Islands N. by W., 

 distance from the mouth of the river about two miles. Ships occasionally 



