iftgfe] ORIENTAL COMMERCE. 387 



No ballast can be thrown overboard in the roads. 



All vessels sailing under the Dutch flag, (but belonging to the Colony), 

 when cleared out from foreign European or American ports, pay the same 

 import duty as foreign ships from foreign ports. 



Anchor at. e Hates. — Vessels not owned in India, viz. Netherlands 

 ships, 15 stivers per last of measurement ; foreign ships, I gulden. These 

 dues are not required more than once in six months, even though the vessel 

 enters other harbours. The shipping dues are said to be levied on vessels 

 anchoring in the roads merely for water and refreshment. 



Port Clearances. — Vessels not belonging to Netherlands India, vix. 

 clearance, 5 guldens ; stamp, 2 guldens 21 stivers. 



Water Rates, Sic. — The harbour-master supplies fire-wood and water; 

 the tariff of charges hangs in his office open to the public. 



Provisions and Refkeshmexts. — Bullocks, hogs, and sheep are to be 

 procured here, with poultry, vegetables, and fruits in abundance. Buffaloes 

 are very poor, and weigh 80 to 100 lbs. each ; hogs, of the China breed, 

 and very excellent, 70 to 80 lbs. each ; sheep, the flesh of which is hard, 

 tough, and in every respect bad ; goats, which are, if possible, worse than 

 the sheep ; fowls are in general of a large size, very good, and in plenty ; 

 ducks and geese are very cheap, but turkeys are extravagantly dear ; fish is 

 amazingly plentiful, and yams are very good. Of fruits they have the fol- 

 lowing : — Custard apples, durion, grapes (scarce), guavas, limes, lemons, 

 mangosteens, mangoes, oranges, pomegranates, pumplenoses, plantains, 

 papaw apples, pine-apples, pumpkins, tamarinds, and water melons. 



Coins. — A new monetary system has recently been established in Java 

 by the King of the Netherlands. A brief account of the former system may, 

 however, still be useful. 



Accounts were kept in rix dollars, an imaginary money, containing 43 

 stivers, and valued at os. sterling. But the currency consisted of the fol- 

 lowing coins: — rupees of 4r schillings, 12 dubbeltjees, 15 cash, 30 stivers, 

 or 120 doits. The rupee valued at 3s. l}d. ; and the stiver at l|d. Half 

 doit, doit, and 2 doit coins of copper were in circulation. 



In the new system, the monetary unit is the new gulden or florin of the 

 Netherlands; but instead of decimal divisions, it is here divided as follows :— 



t doits equnl to I Indian stiver. 



A doits * 1 Dutch sliver. 



2 Dutch stivers 1 dubbel. 



3 dubbels 1 schilling. 



4 schilling! - • 1 piMen. 



Rh2 



