doue by bribery in this country, and these boats? 

 tSft ^ften toployed for amuggliiig cassia, trea- 



indeed every smuggling Iwtt that takes opium 



from opium ship, leaves a payment of one dol- 

 lar oil each eliest for the mandarins, and on the 

 opium returns being made up, the sum is regu* 

 iarly pM to tiiesn ^ eaeli Imt Imm al8i> a kiim^ 

 shaw, or present for the sMpf *>f five dollars. 



The eliests of the drug are opened on Ijoard ; 

 the balls or cakes are taken out, and ininiediately 

 deposited in small mat bags, brought by them 

 ibr the purpose, and sown ispl B^ng that ^B,y 

 more convenient to smuggle than in large heavy 

 chests. There arc three kinds of opium usually 

 sold in the Eiiglisli ships— tlie Malwa, lU'Uan">, 

 and Patna ; a fourth, tlie Turkey opium, is eon- 

 fil^ to Amerfoan iML&t M^^ v^eh* 

 Patna opium is in balls, packed in partitioned 

 cases, eaeli chest containing* forty balls. Old 

 opium fi'tehes a higher price than new ; the 

 former being solid, the latter soft and more 

 liilMe toi^n* 1%0 oM cheal^ m immdi are 

 uitzally twQ f&m oM y^lum iivoy mate under 



tliJit deuoiniriati(ni. The Malwa opium is in 

 rather fattened cakes. The prices of this drui>' 

 of course fluctuate ver}' much : the eoiisumptioii 

 in tliB OMnese Empire must be enormous, ami 



