230 



The Primary Upheaval of the 



Borings through Limestone strata at Borings at Geneva. Surface, 299 feet 

 Kudersdorf, near Berlin, in Jan., above level of Geneva Lake. 



1833. Surface 180 feet above the 



EEPTII. 



rm7TiT"n T7 A tT"0 



TEMP. rAHlt. 



sea level. 





Feet. 



Degrees. 



DEPTH. 



TEMP. FAHB. 



31 



22-26 



xa, l*eet. 



Degrees, 



104.. . . 



23-32 



104 



27-03 



156 



24-38 



20^ 



27-82 



208 



25-18 





34-45 



260 



313.. . 



26-50 

 27-83 



/t 1 '7 



417. , . 



.... oD 0 / 



365 



28-89 



521 



37-63 



417 



30-21 



626 

 730 



39-22 

 42-]4 



460 . , , 

 521 



573 , , 



31- 00 



32- 33 



33- 39 



834 



45-05 



626 



34-72 



918 



48-23 





35-78 







709 , 



.... 36-57 



ShoTving a gradual increase of temperature with the depth, 

 beiBg about two and a half degrees every hundred feet. 



The decomposition of the basaltic rocks produces the rich 

 alluyial soil which covers so large a portion of the country, 

 and renders its agricultural capabilities of so striking a nature, 

 as induced its earliest explorer (Major Mitchell) to bestow 

 upon it the appropriate title of Australia Felix. 



The strata eastward round the City of Melbourne consists 

 of micaceous clay slate, frequently of a siliceous or quartzy 

 nature, surrounded and partly overlapped by the trap ; they 

 -are very strongly comi)ressed, the evidences of which are es- 

 pecially manifest before the Argus Office, in Collins Street, 

 between Swanston and Eussell Streets, to the westward, and 

 which seems to be the point at which the great volcanic power, 

 the cause of this compression, was suddenly checked ; and m 

 Gisbourne Street, connectingthereservoirwiththe'waterworks, 

 eastwards. ( Vide plate.) The gases and fluids confined within 

 the earth, forcing their way with irresistable power through the 

 present great swamp included between the localities named 

 in the commencement of this paper, and which then composed 

 the bed of the ocean, moved bodily eastward the whole strata 

 (all more or less in a plastic state), but owing to the tremen- 

 dous hydrauhc pressure exerted by the superincumbent water, 

 the movement received a violent check, resulting in a power- 

 ful compression of the strata on the spot where the Eev. 

 A. Morison's and Dr. Wilkie's houses now stand. The 



