PERENNIALS AND CALIFORNIA BULBS 
37 
Situation of the Lily-bed. They should be planted where they are protected from 
cold winds and where the soil is not dried out by the direct heat of the sun. On large 
grounds, the ideal location is a glade in the woods. The partial shade of deciduous trees, 
i he shelter of Rhododendrons or Bamboos, or similar shrubs, or of tall-growing perennial 
plant s, may give conditions quite suited to their culture. A protected nook on the shady 
side oi the house is best on small grounds, and ferns are congenial neighbor.-. 
Drainage. This must be perfect. If the ground is heavy and clammy, underdrainage 
should be given, and the soil made lighter and looser by the addition of humus. 
Soil, ("his should be a fairly good loam, mixed with humus and sand. New manures 
are always to be avoided with Lilies. 
Planting. They should be planted so thai the top of the bulb is not less than 
4 inches from (he surface; about each bulb put a layer of an inch or so of sand which 
will carry away excessive moisture and prevent fungous attacks. 
Watering. Lilies should not be kept water-soaked, but should have a moist surface 
during the growing season. Keep rather dry after they have flowered. 
Never move a Lily bulb unless absolutely necessary. 
My very best success with Lilies of this group has been in a very loose, gravelly soil, 
rich with leaf-mold, and with water running above and 'percolating under the roots. 
LEOPARD BOG LILIES 
PARDALINUM. This is one of the best Lilies for the garden. Ii |'r'6^tfs well in any 
loam or gravelly soil, in sand, or lighter clays, as long as given some shade and water. 
The stout stems are very leafy and from ,"5 to 6 feet high, and the many large and very 
showy flowers are richly colored with orange centers and crimson tips, with main spots 
in the central section. No Lily is more likely to give satisfaction in the garden. This 
is the Tiger Lily of the coast-range canons in California. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per doz. 
PARVIFLORUM is a pretty fragrant Lily like a miniature L. pardalinum. 25 cts. 
each, $2 per doz. 
PARRYI. This is one of (he world's finest species. The slender, leafy stem is from 
3 to 5 feet high and bears from a few to twenty-five long, trumpet-shaped, lemon-yellow, 
sweetly fragrant flowers. In some forms, the center is faintly dotted brown; in others 
solid. Large bulbs, $1 each; fair bulbs, 40 cts. each, $4 per doz. 
CULTURE OF GROUP II 
The second group into which 1 would divide California Lilies as lo culture comprises 
all of (he so-called Bog Lilies. The Pardalinum and Parvum groups are so classed. 
These Lilies grow naturally along the banks of small, living streams, on the borders 
of lakes and ponds, in deep, alpine meadows, on the borders of or on raised hummocks 
in bogs. Their bulbs are not so deep as the others, and they are more dependent upon 
surface moisture. The soil in such places as I have mentioned is always rich in rotten 
leaves, and usually sandy; sometimes it is peat or pure humus. Low shrubs or tall 
plants protect the surface from heat, while the tall stalks rise above them into the sun. 
Drainage. The fact that they like moisture docs not mean that they like a water- 
soaked soil. Many failures with Bog Lilies arc due to this error. Better err in the 
direction of dryness. If the roots can go down to moisture, all the better, but don't, 
of all things, put the bulb in wet, gummy soil. 
Soil. A light, sandy loam, mixed with leaf-mold or peat, is the best possible. 
Situation. My description of (he natural habitat will suggest the best location where 
large and varied 'grounds give a choice. On the margin of a pond or brook, planted a 
foot or so above the water-level in moist, meadow-like expanses in sheltered places, or 
damp openings in woods are ideal locations. In small grounds, a hydrant can be so 
arranged as to give a constant drip; (he fern corner is good, and (he rhododendron bed 
is perfectly adapted. 
TRILLIUMS 
Trilliums are very attractive plants of (he Lib' family. The forms known as Wood 
Lilies or Wake-Robins are well known in the East and are line woodland plants. < >l 
these, (he best is T. grandiflorum, lo be had from most eastern dealers. In (he forms "I 
T. sessile, we have an altogether different tribe and a much better one from (he stand 
point of easy culture and ability to hold their own for years in the garden. There is a 
colony of Trilliums at Ukiah which, with no care, has increased in beauty for at least 
fifteen years, and I have seen many such. 
Soils Preferred and Characteristics. A better planl for the shaded corner, damp 
woodland, border of st reams, where the soil is moisl , or for ( he shaded parts of ( he garden, 
